Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wezibambi Zokukhuphuka Kokuvikela Ilanga Nombani

Ngibone umonakalo wombani uvala amafektri nezitshalo zelanga ubusuku bonke, ngakho-ke ngihlala ngiphatha i- Idivayisi Evikelayo Yokukhuphuka kanye nesu lokuvimba ukukhuphuka kwesivinini njengelingaxoxiswana.

Umhlahlandlela ophelele wezinto zokuvimba ukukhuphuka kwejubane uchaza ukuthi la madivayisi aqondisa kanjani umbani kanye nogesi odlula ngokushesha emhlabathini, evikela izinhlelo zelanga, amanethiwekhi kagesi, kanye nemishini ebalulekile ngenkathi kunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi kanye nezindleko zokulungisa.

Uma uphatha ubungozi, izindleko, kanye nezikhathi zokulethwa, ukuqonda izinto ezivimbela ukukhuphuka kwegesi kuzokusiza ukuthi wakhe izinhlelo ezisinda ekucindezelekeni kukagesi kwangempela.

Kuyini i-Surge Arrester nokuthi isebenza kanjani

Ngivame ukuqala ukubuyekezwa kwesistimu ngokuchaza ukuthi yini ngempela eyenziwa yi-surge arrester.

I-surge arrester iyithuluzi elivikelayo elinciphisa i-overvoltage ngokuphambukisa amandla okukhuphuka komhlaba ngokuphephile emhlabathini, okuvimbela ukwehluleka kokufakwa kokushisa kanye nomonakalo wemishini.

Ngibona onjiniyela abaningi bedidanisa izithiyo zokuvimba ukukhuphuka kwamandla nezivikelo eziyisisekelo zokuvikela ukukhuphuka kwamandla. Empeleni, isithiyo sokuvimbela ukukhuphuka kwamandla senzelwe ukusingatha amazinga aphezulu kakhulu wamandla, ikakhulukazi izehlakalo ezihlobene nombani. Lapho kufika ukukhuphuka kwamandla, isithiyo sokuvimbela sishintsha kusuka ekuphazamisekeni okuphezulu siye ekuphazamisekeni okuphansi ngama-microsecond. Lesi senzo sibamba i-voltage ibe sezingeni eliphephile futhi sithumela amandla amaningi emhlabeni.

Ezinhlelweni zikagesi ezisebenzisa amandla aphansi, izithiyo zokuvimba ukukhuphuka kwamandla zivikela ama-switchboard, ama-transformer, kanye nama-electronics abucayi. Ekufakweni kwelanga, zivikela ama-PV arrays, amabhokisi okuhlanganisa, kanye nama-inverter. Ngibone ukuvikelwa kokukhuphuka kwamandla ezimbonini kwehluleka ngoba nje kukhethwe uhlobo lwedivayisi olungalungile.

Ngokwalokho engikubonile, umehluko omkhulu yikhono lokuphatha amandla. Idivayisi Evikelayo Yokukhuphuka esetshenziswa njengesivimbeli sokukhuphuka kwegesi kumele ihambisane nokuvezwa kwesistimu, ikhwalithi yokusekela phansi, kanye nendawo yokufaka. Uma yenziwe kahle, imunca ngokuthula izehlakalo eziphindaphindwayo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza.

Izinhlobo Zezithiyo Zokuvinjelwa Kokukhuphuka Ezisetshenziswa Kumandla Nakumasistimu Elanga

Ngihlala ngikhetha izinto zokuvimba ukukhuphuka kwejubane ngokusekelwe ezingeni lokuchayeka ekukhuphukeni kwejubane.

Izithiyo zokuvimbela ukukhuphuka komoya zohlobo 1 zivikela emifuleni yombani eqondile, kuyilapho Izithiyo zokuvimbela ukukhuphuka komfutho wohlobo lwesibili vikela ekukhuphukeni okubangelwayo nokushintshashintshayo ezinhlelweni zokusabalalisa.

Izithiyo zokuvimbela ukukhuphuka komoya zohlobo 1 zifakwa ezinyangweni zesevisi lapho kungangena khona imisinga yombani eqondile. Zivame ezindaweni ezinobungozi obukhulu kanye nasezindaweni zokusebenzela. Izithiyo zokuvimbela ukukhuphuka komoya zohlobo 2 zifakwa ezansi komfula futhi ziyinketho esetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwe-SPD yelanga neyezimboni.

Nansi indlela engichaza ngayo umehluko emaqenjini okuthenga:

Kumaphrojekthi amaningi elanga nawezentengiselwano, uhlobo 2 noma amadivayisi ahlanganisiwe ahlinzeka ngebhalansi engcono kakhulu yokuvikela kanye nezindleko. Lokhu kubalulekile uma ukubambisana kwesikhathi eside kanye nekhwalithi ebikezelwayo kuyizinto eziza kuqala.

Izibambi Zokukhuphuka Kwe-DC Zezinhlelo Zelanga Neze-PV

Nginaka kakhulu izingozi zokukhuphuka kwamandla kagesi e-DC kumaphrojekthi elanga.

Izithiyo zokuvimba ukukhuphuka kwe-DC vikela amasekethe e-PV ekukhuphukeni okubangelwa umbani kanye nokushintshana kwamandla kagesi, ukuvimbela umonakalo we-inverter kanye ne-module.

Amasekethe e-DC amade, avulelekile, futhi avame ukuthuthwa ngaphandle. Lokho kuwenza abe sengozini ngisho nangaphandle kokushaywa okuqondile. Ngihlala ngincoma ama-DC surge arresters kumabhokisi e-PV combiner kanye nama-inverter DC inputs.

Amazinga ahlukene kagesi adinga imiklamo ehlukene. Isibonelo, i-surge arrester 24VDC isebenza kahle kumasekethe okulawula, kuyilapho ama-PV arrays ane-voltage ephezulu edinga amadivayisi alinganiswe ngo-600V, 1000V, noma 1500V. I-DC lightning arrester kumele ifane ne-voltage ephezulu ye-open-circuit, hhayi nje amanani ajwayelekile.

Kumaphrojekthi ami, ukukhetha okufanele kwe-DC surge arrester kunciphisa kakhulu amazinga amaphutha e-inverter. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwe-SPD yezimboni lapho isikhathi sokungasebenzi sithinta khona ngokushesha amashejuli okukhiqiza.

Izithiyo Zokuvinjelwa Kokukhuphuka Kwelanga Zamaphaneli Nezinhlelo ze-PV

Ngibheka ukuvikelwa kokuqhuma kwelanga njengohlelo, hhayi ithuluzi elilodwa.

Izithibi zokuvimbela ukukhuphuka kwamandla elanga zivikela amaphaneli, amabhokisi okuhlanganisa, kanye nama-inverter ngokunciphisa i-transient overvoltage kulo lonke uhlelo lwe-PV.

Ngivame ukufaka ama-surge arresters ezindaweni ezintathu: eduze kwe-PV array, ngaphakathi kwamabhokisi okuhlanganisa, kanye nasezikhumulweni ze-inverter. Le ndlela enezingqimba inciphisa i-residual voltage esigabeni ngasinye.

Nasi ireferensi elula yokubeka engiyisebenzisayo:

Le ndlela ithuthukisa ukuthembeka kohlelo futhi inciphisa izimanga zokulungisa, eziqakathekiswa abaphathi bokuthenga.

Izibambi Zombani Ze-AC Nezigaba Ezintathu

Angikaze ngiyishaye indiva ingxenye ye-AC yezinhlelo zelanga.

Izibambi zombani zesigaba ezintathu zivikela izinhlelo zamandla ezimbonini ekukhanyeni nasekukhuphukeni okuvela kugridi.

Ezinhlelweni zezigaba ezintathu, amandla okukhuphuka angahamba ngokungalingani kuzo zonke izigaba. Ngithanda ukwakheka kwe-3-phase surge arrester okulinganiselwe okuvikela bonke abaqhubi ngokulinganayo. Ukucushwa kwe-two-pole kuvamile ezinhlelweni ezilula, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni kuvame ukudinga ukuvikelwa kwesigaba esigcwele kanye nokungathathi hlangothi.

Lokhu kuyindlela ejwayelekile yokuvikela ukukhuphuka kwamandla ezimbonini lapho ibhalansi yomthwalo kanye nesikhathi sokusebenza kubalulekile khona.

Izithiyo Zokuvinjelwa Kokukhuphuka Ezisekelwe ku-MOV kanye Nemiklamo Yemodyuli

Ngithembele kakhulu kubuchwepheshe be-MOV emiklamo yesimanje.

Izithiyo zokuvimba ukuqhuma ezisekelwe ku-MOV zisabela ngokushesha okukhulu futhi zibambe i-voltage ngempumelelo ngesikhathi semicimbi yesikhashana.

Izibambi zombani ze-MOV zisebenzisa ama-varistor e-metal oxide ashintsha ukumelana ngokushesha lapho i-voltage ikhuphuka. Imiklamo ye-Modular yenza kube lula ukuyishintsha ngemva kokubonisa ukuphela kokuphila, okunciphisa isikhathi sokulungisa.

Ngokwami, ama-modular MOV surge arresters anikeza inhlanganisela engcono kakhulu yokusebenza kanye nensizakalo yezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-SPD zezimboni.

Izibambi Zokukhuphuka Kwe-SPD Zokuvikela Umbani

Ngibona amagama e-SPD kanye ne-surge arrester esetshenziswa ngokushintshana, kodwa umongo ubalulekile.

I-SPD surge arrester ihlanganisa impendulo esheshayo nokuphathwa kwamandla aphezulu ukuze kuvikelwe umbani ezinhlelweni zikagesi nezelanga.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezibambi zombani zendabuko, ama-SPD anamuhla aqinile, asebenza ngendlela efanayo, futhi kulula ukuwahlanganisa. Ngiwafaka eduze kwemishini evikelwe ukuze nginciphise ubude bomthofu kanye ne-voltage eseleyo.

Ukukhetha Isivikelo Sokukhuphuka Esifanele Sesicelo Sakho

Ngihlala ngikhetha ngokusekelwe engcupheni, hhayi entengo kuphela.

Ukukhetha isivikelo sokukhuphuka esifanele kuncike ekuchayekeni kombani, i-voltage yesistimu, i-grounding, kanye nezinga lokuvikela elidingekayo.

Ezindaweni ezinobungozi obukhulu, ngincoma izithiyo zokuvimba ukukhuphuka komoya zohlobo 1. Kumaphrojekthi amaningi elanga nawezentengiselwano, amadivayisi ohlobo 2 ahlanganisiwe anikeza isivikelo esithembekile ngezindleko eziphansi zobunikazi. Le ndlela ihambisana kahle nobudlelwano besikhathi eside nabaphakeli.

Isiphetho

Tshala imali ngakwesokudla Idivayisi Evikelayo Yokukhuphuka kanye nesu lokuvimbela ukukhuphuka kwamanani namuhla ukuvikela uhlelo lwakho, ishejuli yakho, kanye nenani lebhizinisi lakho lesikhathi eside.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

UMBUZO 1: Ingabe izithiyo zokuvimba ukukhuphuka kwengcindezi kanye nama-SPD ziyafana?

Ziyahambisana, kodwa izithiyo zokuvimba ukukhuphuka kwejubane zenzelwe izehlakalo zombani onamandla aphezulu.

Umbuzo 2: Ingabe izinhlelo zelanga zidinga kokubili izinto zokuvimba ukuqhuma kwe-AC kanye ne-DC?

Yebo. Zombili izinhlangothi zibhekene nezingozi ezahlukene zokukhuphuka kwamandla.

Umbuzo 3: Kufanele kufakwe kuphi ama-DC surge arresters?

Kuma-PV arrays, amabhokisi okuhlanganisa, kanye nokufakwa kwe-inverter.

UMBUZO 4: Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukubopha ukuhlinzwa kwe-MOV?

Ziyawohloka ngokuphakama ngakunye futhi kufanele zishintshwe lapho zibona ukuthi ziyaphela.

Umbuzo 5: Ingabe uhlobo lwesibili lwanele kumaphrojekthi amaningi elanga?

Yebo, ngaphandle uma ukuvezwa kombani ngqo kuphezulu kakhulu.