Amadivayisi Okuvikela Ukukhuphuka Kwe-DC kanye ne-AC Wezinhlelo Zelanga kanye ne-PV
Ngibone amaphrojekthi amaningi kakhulu elanga ehluleka ngemva kwesiphepho esisodwa sombani, ngakho-ke ngithembele ku- Idivayisi Evikelayo Yokukhuphuka ukuvimba umonakalo ngaphambi kokuba ufike kumaphaneli kanye nama-inverter.
A Idivayisi Evikelayo Yokukhuphuka kwezinhlelo zelanga kanye ne-PV, ivikela amasekethe e-DC kanye ne-AC ekukhanyeni nasekushintsheni ngokuphambukisa i-voltage eyeqile emhlabathini ngokuphephile, ivimbele ukwehluleka kwemishini kanye nesikhathi sokungasebenzi.
Uma ufuna umkhiqizo ozinzile, izindleko zokulungisa ezingabikezelwa, kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwesistimu, ukuqonda ukuthi ama-DC nama-AC SPD asebenza kanjani kuyisinyathelo esilandelayo esinengqondo.
Kuyini Idivayisi Evikelayo ye-DC Surge Yezinhlelo Zelanga
Ngivame ukuhlangana nabathengi abathatha kancane ama-DC surges, kuze kube yilapho isenzakalo esisodwa sibhubhisa i-inverter. Yingakho ngihlala ngiqala ngokuvikela i-DC kuqala.
Idivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka kwe-DC ezinhlelweni zelanga inciphisa ukukhuphuka kwe-overvoltage okwesikhashana kumasekethe e-DC ngokubopha ukukhuphuka nokuwakhipha emhlabathini, ivikela amaphaneli e-PV, izintambo, kanye nama-inverter.
Ngiklama ukuvikela kwe-DC ngomqondo owodwa olula: ama-PV arrays amade, avulekile. Aziphatha njenge-antenna ngesikhathi semicimbi yombani. Ngisho nombani ongaqondile ungadala izinkulungwane zama-volts zibe yizintambo ze-DC. Idivayisi Evikelayo Yokukhuphuka efakwe eduze kwe-array combiner noma i-inverter DC input isebenza njenge-valve yokuphepha ephendula ngokushesha. Ayimisi umbani, kodwa iqondisa amandla okukhuphuka kusuka kuma-electronics abucayi.
Kumaphrojekthi angempela, ngihlala ngihlola izisekelo ezintathu. Okokuqala, i-voltage ephezulu ye-DC ye-array ngaphansi kwezimo ezibandayo. Okwesibili, ikhwalithi yokumisa izintambo. Okwesithathu, ubude bomzila wezintambo. Ama-DC SPD asebenza kahle kuphela uma ukumelana kokumisa izintambo kuphansi futhi izindlela zezintambo zimfushane. Lokhu kubalulekile ekuvikeleni ukukhuphuka kwamafektri kanye nezinhlelo ezinkulu zophahla lapho ukusebenza kwezintambo kukude khona.
Ngokwalokho engikubonile, ukwehluleka okuningi okusolwa ngokuthi “ikhwalithi ye-inverter ephansi” empeleni akusho lutho noma ama-DC SPD amancane. I-SPD yezimboni efanele ohlangothini lwe-DC yehlisa kakhulu izindleko zokufaka esikhundleni kanye nesikhathi sokungasebenzi.
Amadivayisi Okuvikela e-DC Surge ye-PV kanye ne-Solar Power
Ngivame ukutshela abaphathi bokuthengwa kwempahla ukuthi ama-DC SPD awazona izesekeli zokuzikhethela. Ayizici zokuvikela eziyinhloko.
Amadivayisi okuvikela ukukhuphuka kwe-DC ezinhlelo ze-PV kanye nezinhlelo zamandla elanga vikela izintambo ze-DC kanye nemishini ekukhuphukeni okubangelwa umbani kanye nezinguquko ezishintshayo ekufakweni kwangaphandle.
Uma ngihlela ukuvikelwa kokukhuphuka kwe-DC, ngiqala ngokubheka ukwakheka kwesistimu. I-PV yophahla, ama-array afakwe phansi, kanye nezitshalo ze-utility-scale zonke ziziphatha ngendlela ehlukile ngesikhathi semicimbi yokukhuphuka kwe-DC. Idivayisi Evikelayo Yokukhuphuka ukufakwa ebhokisini le-DC combiner kunciphisa ukucindezeleka kuma-electronics angezansi. Ezinhlelweni ezinkulu, ngivame ukusebenzisa ukuvikelwa okuhlanganisiwe nama-SPD ku-array kanye ne-inverter.
Ngezansi ukuqhathanisa okusebenzayo engikusebenzisayo lapho ngikhetha ama-DC SPD:
| Usayizi Wohlelo Lokusebenza | I-DC Voltage ejwayelekile | Uhlobo lwe-SPD olunconyiwe | Indawo Yokufaka |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uphahla oluncane | ≤600V | Uhlobo 2 lwe-DC SPD | Okokufaka kwe-DC ye-Inverter |
| I-PV Yezentengiselwano | 800–1000V | Uhlobo 2 lwe-DC SPD | Ibhokisi lokuhlanganisa le-DC |
| Isikali sezinsiza | 1000–1500V | Uhlobo 1+2 DC SPD | Isihlanganisi sensimu |
Le ndlela isebenza kahle kumaphrojekthi e-SPD ezimboni lapho isikhathi sokusebenza sibalulekile khona. Iphinde inciphise izingxabano zewaranti ngoba umonakalo wokukhuphuka kwentengo uncishisiwe ngokusobala.
Kuchazwe Izilinganiso Ze-Voltage Yedivayisi Evikelayo ye-DC Surge
Ngihlala ngikhumbuza abathengi ukuthi amaphutha okulinganisa i-voltage angenye yamaphutha abiza kakhulu ekuvikelweni kwe-DC surge.
Izilinganiso ze-voltage yedivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka kwe-DC kumele zidlule i-voltage ephezulu ye-open-circuit yesistimu ye-PV ukuze kugwenywe ukwehluleka kusenesikhathi kanye nokulahlekelwa yisivikelo.
Empeleni, angikaze ngikhethe i-DC SPD elingana ne-voltage ejwayelekile. Izinga lokushisa lithinta kakhulu i-voltage ye-PV. Isimo sezulu esibandayo singacindezela i-voltage yentambo ngaphezu kwamanani e-nameplate. Yingakho ngithanda i-margin yokuphepha okungenani engu-20%.
Nansi indlela engivame ukufanisa ngayo izilinganiso ze-voltage:
| Izinga le-DC Voltage | Icala Lokusetshenziswa Okuvamile | Isicelo se-SPD |
|---|---|---|
| 12V / 24V | Izilawuli, izinzwa | Ukuvikelwa kwe-DC yendawo |
| 48V | Isitoreji samandla | I-interface yebhethri |
| 600V | Ama-PV arrays amancane | Izinhlelo zophahla |
| 1000V | I-PV Yezentengiselwano | Uphahla olukhulu |
| 1500V | I-PV yokusetshenziswa | Izitshalo zelanga |
Ukusebenzisa isilinganiso esifanele kwandisa impilo ye-SPD futhi kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okubikezelwayo. Lokhu kubalulekile kubathengi abanjengoJeff, abafuna ikhwalithi ezinzile kanye nezindleko eziphansi zobunikazi.
Ukuvikelwa Kokukhuphuka Kwe-DC Kwamaphaneli e-PV nama-Inverter
Ngigxila kakhulu ku-inverter ngoba iyona ebiza kakhulu futhi ebucayi kakhulu.
Ukuvikelwa kokuqhuma kwe-DC phakathi kwamaphaneli e-PV nama-inverter kunciphisa amandla esikhashana ngaphambi kokuba angene kuma-electronics e-inverter, okuvimbela umonakalo omkhulu kanye nokuvalwa kwesistimu.
Kusukela kudatha yasensimini, ukwehluleka okuningi kwe-inverter kwenzeka esigabeni sokufaka se-DC. Izintambo ze-DC ezinde ziqoqa amandla okukhuphuka, futhi ngaphandle kwe- Idivayisi Evikelayo Yokukhuphuka, i-inverter imunca ukushaya. Ngihlala ngifaka ama-DC SPD eduze ngangokunokwenzeka nama-terminal e-inverter.
Ezinhlelweni zesimanje ze-PV ezisebenzisa i-1000V noma ngaphezulu, ukuvikelwa okuhlelekile kubalulekile. I-SPD eyodwa ku-array ayanele. Ukuvikelwa okunezingqimba kunciphisa i-voltage eseleyo futhi kuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kohlelo. Le ndlela isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuvikelweni kokukhuphuka kwamafektri lapho isikhathi sokungasebenzi singamukeleki khona.
Ukucushwa kwe-Pole kwamadivayisi avikelayo e-DC Surge
Ngivame ukubona ukudideka mayelana nezinsika, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ze-PV ezintantayo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlelo ze-PV ezisekelwe phansi.
Ukucushwa kwensika yokuvikela i-DC surge kuncike ekusekelweni kwesistimu kanye nokuhlelwa komqhubi, okuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa okugcwele kwezindlela ezinhle, ezimbi, kanye nezomhlaba.
Ezinhlelweni eziningi ze-PV, ama-2P DC SPD avamile. Avikela imigqa emihle nemibi eya phansi. Ezinhlelweni eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kungadingeka ukucushwa kwe-3P. Ngihlala ngiqinisekisa i-topology yokumisa ngaphambi kokukhetha kokugcina. Ukucushwa okungalungile kwensika kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokuvikela futhi kwandisa ingozi yokwehluleka.
Amadivayisi Okuvikela Ukukhuphuka Kwe-AC Kusetshenziswa Ezinhlelweni Zelanga
Ngibheka ukuvikelwa kwe-AC njengomugqa wesibili wokuzivikela ngemva kokuvikelwa kwe-DC.
Amadivayisi okuvikela ukukhuphuka kwe-AC avikela ama-inverter, amabhodi okusabalalisa, kanye nemithwalo evela ekukhuphukeni okungena ngemicimbi yokusetshenziswa noma yokushintsha kwangaphakathi.
Ama-AC SPD akhethwa ngokusekelwe ku-voltage kanye nokucushwa kwesigaba. Izinhlelo zokuhlala zivame ukusebenzisa ama-SPD angu-110V noma angu-275V, kuyilapho izinhlelo zezimboni zisebenzisa amadivayisi angu-385V. Ezinhlelweni zezigaba ezintathu, ukucushwa kwe-3P+NPE kunikeza isivikelo esilinganiselayo.
| Uhlobo Lwesistimu ye-AC | I-voltage | Ukucushwa kwe-SPD |
|---|---|---|
| Indawo yokuhlala | 110V | 1P noma 1P+N |
| Ezentengiselwano | 275V | 2P |
| Izimboni | 385V | 3P+NPE |
I-SPD yezimboni ohlangothini lwe-AC ayivikeli nje kuphela imishini yelanga kodwa futhi ivikela nemithwalo exhunyiwe.
Indlela Yokukhetha Idivayisi Evikelayo Yokukhuphuka Kwesokudla yelanga
Ngigcina ukukhetha kulula ngoba ukuba nzima kakhulu kubangela amaphutha.
Ukukhetha idivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka efanele kusho ukufanisa i-voltage, uhlobo lwesistimu, indawo yokufaka, kanye nezinga lengozi lokuvikelwa okuthembekile kwesikhathi eside.
Ngihlala ngincoma ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo eqinisekisiwe enezilinganiso ezicacile zokwanda kokushisa kanye nokuvikelwa kokushisa. Gwema ukuxuba ama-AC nama-DC SPD ngendlela engafanele. Ukwehluleka okuningi kuvela ekufakeni ama-AC SPD kumasekethe e-DC. Ukusebenza nomhlinzeki oqonda ukuziphatha kokuvimbela ukwanda kokushisa kwenza umehluko wangempela.
Isiphetho
Khetha okulungile Idivayisi Evikelayo Yokukhuphuka namuhla ukuvikela ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakho kwelanga nokugcina uhlelo lwakho lusebenza kusasa.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo 1: Ingabe izinhlelo zelanga zidinga ngempela ukuvikelwa kokuqhuma kwe-DC?
Yebo. Ama-PV arrays abonakala kakhulu futhi ukukhuphuka kwe-DC kuyimbangela ehamba phambili yokwehluleka kwe-inverter.
Umbuzo 2: Ingabe i-SPD eyodwa ingavikela kokubili amasekethe e-AC kanye ne-DC?
Cha. Amasekethe e-AC ne-DC adinga imiklamo nezilinganiso ze-SPD ezahlukene.
Q3: Kufanele kushintshwe kangaki idivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka?
Kuncike ekuchayekeni kokuqhuma, kodwa ukuhlolwa okuvamile kuyanconywa njalo ngonyaka.
UMBUZO 4: Ingabe isilinganiso se-kA esiphezulu sihlala singcono?
Akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kumelwe kuhambisane nengozi yesistimu nendawo yokufaka.
Umbuzo 5: Ingabe ukumisa okungekuhle kunganciphisa ukusebenza kwe-SPD?
Yebo. Ikhwalithi yokumisa inhlabathi ithinta ngqo ukusebenza kahle kokuphambuka kokukhuphuka.