Incazelo Kagesi ye-SPD nokuthi Kungani Kubalulekile Ekuvikelweni Kokukhuphuka

Ngivame ukuzizwa ngicindezelekile uma ngibona izinhlelo zikagesi zisebenza ngaphandle kweDivayisi Evikelayo Yokukhuphuka efanele ngoba ngiyazi ukuthi ukukhuphuka okukodwa kungavala kokubili amakhaya namafektri ngokushesha.

Incazelo kagesi ye-SPD iyithuluzi eliphambukisa ama-voltage spikes ayingozi liye phansi ukuze ukukhuphuka kungalimazi imishini. Livikela izinhlelo zamandla ekukhanyeni, ekushintsheni kwezinguquko, ukuphazamiseka kwegridi, kanye nokukhuphuka kwangaphakathi okwenzeka nsuku zonke emakhaya, ezakhiweni zebhizinisi, nasezikhungweni zezimboni.

Njengoba izinhlelo zamandla ziba nzima kakhulu, ngihlala ngithola ukuthi ukuqonda ama-SPD kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokwakha uhlelo lokuvikela oluthembekile. Ngakho ake ngihambe ngesihloko ngasinye esiyinhloko ngendlela ecacile nesebenzayo.

Indlela Isivikelo Sokukhuphuka esingu-220 Esivimbela Ngayo Umonakalo Ekusetshenzisweni Kwezindlu Nezimboni

Ngizizwa ngingakhululekile noma nini lapho ngibona uhlelo lwe-220 V lungenaso isivikelo esifanele, ngoba kokubili amakhaya namafektri anemithwalo ebucayi engahluleka kalula uma kwenzeka i-spike engazelelwe.

Isivikelo sokukhuphuka esingu-220 sivimbela umonakalo ngokumunca nokuqondisa kabusha i-voltage eyeqile ngaphambi kokuba ifike kumishini noma imishini. Siqinisa umugqa, sivikele ekubangeni kombani, futhi sinciphise ukukhuphuka kokushintshana kwangaphakathi okuvamile emakhaya nasezindaweni zezimboni.

Uma ngisebenza nabaphathi bokuthengwa kwempahla noma onjiniyela bakagesi, ngivame ukuchaza ukuthi uhlelo lwe-220 V lungenye yamazinga kagesi avame kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Lokhu kusho nokuthi lungenye yamaphuzu alula kakhulu okwehluleka kukagesi uma Idivayisi Evikelayo Yokukhuphuka ayikho. Ngibone izimboni zilahlekelwa yizinjini, ama-PLC, kanye nezinzwa ngoba nje zithembele kakhulu kugridi.

Ezinhlelweni zokuhlala, abasebenzisi abaningi bacabanga ukuthi umbani kuphela obangela umonakalo. Kodwa-ke, ngivivinye izinhlelo eziningi futhi ngathola ukuthi Ama-80% ezinsika zangempela avela ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo—kubangelwa ama-air conditioner, amaphampu, kanye neziqandisi ezivula futhi zicime. Isivikelo esilula se-220 surge sinciphisa lokhu kuqhuma kwangaphakathi futhi sigcina izinto zikagesi ziphephile.

Ezisetshenziswa ezimbonini, amandla okunyuka kwamandla aqina kakhulu ngoba imithwalo inzima kakhulu. Ama-motor, ama-induction heater, kanye nemishini yokushisela kudala ama-switching transients amakhulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke ngihlala ngincoma i- i-SPD yezimboni ngesilinganiso esiphezulu sokukhuphuka kwama-workshop, amakamelo e-CNC, noma amafektri amancane asebenza emigqeni engu-220 V.

Nasi isiqhathaniso esisheshayo engivame ukusisebenzisa lapho ngifundisa ochwepheshe abasha:

Leli thebula elilula lisiza abathengi ukuthi bakhethe uhlobo olufanele ngokushesha futhi bagweme ukusebenzisa imali ngokweqile noma ukuvikela okungaphansi.

Ukuqonda Ukuvikelwa Kokukhuphuka NgesiSpanishi Kwabasebenzisi Bomhlaba Wonke

Ngihlala ngizizwa nginesibopho lapho ngisiza amakhasimende akhuluma iSpanishi, ngoba incazelo ecacile iqinisekisa ukuthi akhetha ukuvikelwa okufanele kokuqhuma kwamafektri noma amakhaya.

Ukuvikelwa kokuqhuma ngeSpanishi kuchazwa kusetshenziswa amagama anjengelithi “dispositivo de protección contra sobretensiones (SPD)” kanye nelithi “pararrayos,” achaza indlela idivayisi eqondisa ngayo ama-voltage spikes ayingozi futhi ivikele izinhlelo zikagesi ezindaweni zokuhlala, zezentengiselwano kanye nezezimboni.

Ngoba inkampani yami ithumela kwamanye amazwe Idivayisi Evikelayo Yokukhuphuka imikhiqizo eya eSpain, eMexico, eChile, nakwezinye izimakethe ezikhuluma iSpanishi, ngafunda ukuthi abathengi abaningi banenkinga yomehluko phakathi kwe-“SPD,” “protector contra sobretensiones,” kanye ne-“pararrayos.” Ngakho-ke ngihlala ngiyihlukanisa ngolimi olulula.

NgesiSpanishi, igama eliphelele lobuchwepheshe lithi:
Idivayisi Yokuvikela Ukwanda (i-SPD)
Lokhu kubhekisela kudivayisi efanayo yokuvikela ukukhuphuka esetshenziswa emhlabeni jikelele.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, leli gama induku yombani ngokuvamile kubhekisela ku-external lightning arrester, hhayi i-SPD ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo. Abathengi abaningi baxuba la magama, ngakho-ke ngihlala ngichaza umehluko ukuze ngiqinisekise ukuthi bafaka amadivayisi afanele.

Nasi ithebula elilula lokubhekisela elibhalwe ngezilimi ezimbili engilihlanganyela nabaphathi bokuthengwa kwempahla emhlabeni jikelele:

Uma ngichaza ukuvikelwa kokuqhuma ngisebenzisa ulimi lwabo, amakhasimende ayayethemba kakhulu inqubo. Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ukungafani kwemininingwane, okungenye yezinkinga ezinkulu kubathengi bomhlaba wonke.

Kungani i-ABB Isivikelo Sokukhuphuka Ithembekile Ezinhlelweni Zamandla Ezimboni

Ngizizwa ngiqiniseka uma ngibona isivikelo sokukhuphuka kwe-ABB kuphaneli yezimboni ngoba ikhwalithi yokwakha kanye nezindinganiso zokuhlola zihlangabezana nokulindelwe yizimboni zokukhiqiza zomhlaba wonke.

Isivikelo sokukhuphuka kwe-ABB sithembekile ngoba sinikeza amandla aqinile okusingatha ukukhuphuka kwejubane, ukunqanyulwa kokushisa okuthembekile, izitifiketi zomhlaba wonke, kanye nokuzinza kwesikhathi eside abasebenzisi bezimboni abathembele kukho ukuvikela imishini ebucayi.

Noma nini lapho abaphathi bokuthengwa kwempahla beqhathanisa izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-SPD zezimboni, ngihlala ngiqaphela ukuthi i-ABB ivela njalo ohlwini lwabo olufushane. Isizathu silula: lo mkhiqizo unedumela elide ekusabalalisweni kwamandla, futhi ama-SPD awo alandela amazinga okuhlola aqinile.

Kodwa futhi ngichaza ukuthi i-ABB akuyona yodwa inketho efanelekile—imikhiqizo efana i-leikexing (inkampani yami) ihlinzeka ngamadivayisi asebenza kahle kakhulu ngentengo encintisanayo, okubalulekile ezinkampanini ezigxile ekwehliseni i-TCO. Noma kunjalo, isikhundla se-ABB emakethe sisiza amakhasimende ukuqonda ukuthi "ikhwalithi enhle" ibukeka kanjani.

Nansi indlela i-ABB evame ukuqhathaniswa ngayo nabanye abahlinzeki:

Ngisho noma abathengi bekhetha uhlobo lwami, ngihlala ngibakhuthaza ukuthi basebenzise izinga lokusebenza le-ABB njengesilinganiso. Kugcina okulindelwe kucacile futhi kusiza ekwakheni ukwethembana kwesikhathi eside phakathi komhlinzeki kanye nekhasimende.

Uma Kudingeka Isivikelo Sokukhuphuka Kwe-Voltage Ephakeme Semishini Esindayo

Ngihlala ngiqaphela uma ngibona ama-motor noma ama-transformer asebenza ngaphandle kokuvikelwa okufanele kokukhuphuka ngoba amandla okukhuphuka kula mazinga angabhubhisa imishini ngemizuzwana.

Isivikelo sokukhuphuka kwamandla kagesi aphezulu siyadingeka lapho imishini esindayo isebenza ngaphezu kwamazinga ajwayelekile e-voltage ephansi futhi ibhekene nezingozi ezivela ekukhanyeni, ukushintsha kwe-transformer, ukuqala kwezimoto, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwegridi okungaphezu kwamandla ajwayelekile e-SPD.

Uma ngihamba ezitshalweni zensimbi, emisebenzini yezimayini, noma emafektri asebenzisa amandla amaningi, into yokuqala engiyihlolayo ingxenye engenayo enamandla aphezulu. Kula mazinga—3 kV, 6 kV, 10 kV, noma ngaphezulu—amandla okunyuka kwamandla anamandla kakhulu. I-SPD evamile ayikwazi ukuyiphatha.

Imishini esindayo efana nama-compressor, amaphampu amakhulu, ama-lifti, kanye nemishini yokuchoboza ikhiqiza ama-switching surges angaphakathi abuyela ohlelweni. Ngaphandle kwe-high-voltage surge arrester, la ma-spikes alimaza kancane kancane i-insulation futhi anciphise isikhathi sokuphila kwemishini.

Ngivame ukunikeza imithetho emithathu elula yokunquma ukuthi udinga i-SPD enamandla aphezulu:

1. Uma usebenzisa ama-motor angaphezu kwama-100 HP — yebo

2. Uma ukuvezwa kombani kuphezulu — yebo

3. Uma isikhathi sokuphumula sibiza okungaphezu kokuvikela — yebo impela

Le mithetho elula isiza abaphathi bokuthengwa kwempahla ukuthi bathethelele isinqumo ngokushesha.

Ukukhetha Idivayisi Efanele Yokuvikela Ukuqhuma Kwephaneli Kagesi

Ngihlala ngizizwa ngiqiniseka kakhulu uma i-SPD ngaphakathi kwephaneli ifana nomklamo wesistimu, ngoba ukukhetha okungalungile kungenza buthaka lonke uchungechunge lokuvikela.

Idivayisi Evikela Ukukhuphuka efanele yephaneli kagesi ikhethwa ngokwesilinganiso sama-voltage afanayo, isigaba se-SPD, umthamo wamanje wokukhuphuka, kanye nendawo yokufaka. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi iphaneli ingamunca ama-spikes futhi ivikele imithwalo engezansi ngokuphephile nangokuthembekile.

Uma ngakha noma ngibuyekeza ukwakheka kwamaphaneli, ngihlala ngiqala ngezinto eziyisisekelo: isimo segridi, uhlobo lwemishini, kanye nomlando wamaphutha. Lezi zici zingisiza ukuthi ngikhethe ikilasi le-SPD elingcono kakhulu.

Ngokwesibonelo:

• Iklasi I kwezinhlelo ezivame ukuba nombani noma zangaphandle

• Isigaba II kwamaphaneli kagesi amaningi ezimboni

• Isigaba III kumadivayisi abucayi njengamakhompyutha nama-PLC

Ngithanda nama-SPD anamamojula angashintshwa, ngoba anciphisa isikhathi sokulungisa futhi anciphise izindleko zesikhathi eside. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kubathengi abanjengoJeff, abakhathalela ukulethwa okubikezelwayo, ikhwalithi ezinzile, kanye ne-TCO ephansi.

I-SPD ekhethwe kahle iguqula iphaneli kagesi ibe umugqa wokuzivikela oqinile, inciphisa ukwehluleka futhi igcine umugqa wokukhiqiza usebenza ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.

Isiphetho

Isu elithembekile le-Surge Protective Device livikela imishini, linciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi, futhi ligcina zonke izinhlelo zikagesi zisebenza ngokuphephile—ngakho tshala imali ekuvikeleni okuqinile kokukhuphuka ngaphambi kokuba kushaye i-spike elandelayo.