Idivayisi Yokuvikela Ukukhuphuka: Iyini Futhi Isebenza Kanjani?

---

Ukwanda kukagesi kulimaza imishini buthule, kufinyeze isikhathi sokuphila, futhi kubangele ukungasebenzi kahle okungahleliwe. Ngivame ukubona le ngozi incishiswa kuze kube yilapho ukwehluleka kuqala ukuvela ezinhlelweni ezibalulekile.

A idivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka iklanyelwe ukuvikela imishini kagesi neye-elekthronikhi ezigamekweni zesikhashana zokudlula kwamandla kagesi ngokuphambukisa amandla amaningi emhlabathini ngokuphepha ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke umonakalo.

Ezigabeni ezingezansi, ngizochaza ukuthi izinhlobo ezahlukene zamadivayisi okuvikela ukukhuphuka zisebenza kanjani, ukuthi asetshenziswa kuphi, nokuthi onjiniyela kufanele bakhethe kanjani ikhambi elifanele lezinhlelo zezimboni.

---

Amadivayisi Okuvikela Ohlobo 1 kanye nohlobo 2 Asebenza Kanjani?

Izehlakalo ezahlukene zokukhuphuka zidinga amasu okuvikela ahlukene. Amadivayisi okuvikela ukukhuphuka kohlobo 1 nohlobo 2 asebenza ndawonye ngokuvimbela ukukhuphuka ezindaweni eziningi ohlelweni lukagesi, ukuvimbela amandla abhubhisayo ukuthi angafinyeleli imithwalo ebucayi. Idivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka isebenza ngokuqapha amazinga kagesi nokuphendula ngokushesha lapho ukukhuphuka kwejubane lesikhashana kudlula umkhawulo ochaziwe. Lokhu kukhuphuka kuvame ukubangelwa ukushaywa kombani, imisebenzi yokushintsha ugesi, noma imithwalo emikhulu yokungenisa. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamadivayisi ohlobo 1 nohlobo 2 ulele kuphi futhi Kanjani bavimba amandla okukhuphuka.

A idivayisi yokuvikela yohlobo 1 ifakiwe emnyango wesevisi, phezulu kwebhodi elikhulu lokusabalalisa. Yenzelwe ukusingatha ukukhuphuka kwamandla aphezulu okuvela kumbani noma kumanethiwekhi ezinsiza. Lawa madivayisi angakhipha ngokuphephile umbane ongaphelele ngqo emhlabeni ngaphandle kokuthembela ekuvikelweni okuphezulu.

Ngokuphambene nalokho, idivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka kohlobo lwesibili ifakwa phansi komfula, ngokuvamile ngaphakathi kwamaphaneli okusabalalisa. Inciphisa ukukhuphuka okusele okudlula kungqimba yohlobo 1 noma okukhiqizwa ngaphakathi ngokushintshana kwemishini. Ndawonye, ​​le ndlela yokuvikela enezingqimba inciphisa kakhulu ukucindezeleka kuma-elekthronikhi angezansi komfula.

Ezindaweni zangempela zezimboni, ukuthembela kungqimba olulodwa lokuvikela akwanele. Ukuvikelwa Kohlobo 1 kanye Nohlobo 2 Okuhlanganisiwe kuqinisekisa ukuthi amandla okukhuphuka ancishiswa kancane kancane, kugcinwa amazinga kagesi ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo yokubekezelela imishini.

Indlela Idivayisi Evikelayo Yokukhuphuka Kohlobo 1 Esingatha Ngayo Ukwanda Kwamandla Aphezulu

Amadivayisi ohlobo 1 aklanywe ukuze amelane nemisinga yokuqhuma okukhulu futhi asebenze ngaphandle kokuvikelwa kwesekethe ephezulu.

• Kufakwe ezindlini zokungena zesevisi eyinhloko

• Yakhelwe ukukhishwa kwamandla ombane

• Kuvame ukuhlolwa ngezindinganiso ze-waveform ezingama-10/350 μs

• Kubalulekile ezindaweni ezithandwa kakhulu umbani

Lokhu kwenza uhlobo 1 lwedivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka izixazululo ezibalulekile ezitshalweni zezimboni, izikhungo zedatha, kanye namaphrojekthi engqalasizinda anezintambo zikagesi ezingenayo eziveziwe.

Indlela Idivayisi Yokuvikela Ukwanda Kohlobo 2 Ekhawulela Ngayo Ukweqisa Kwe-Residual Overvoltage

Amadivayisi ohlobo lwesibili agxile ekuncishisweni kwamandla kagesi kunokuphathwa kwamandla kagesi aluhlaza.

• Kufakwe kumabhodi okusabalalisa amancane

• Phendula ngokushesha kuma-transients anamandla aphansi

• Vikela ama-PLC, amadrayivu, kanye nokulawula ama-elekthronikhi

• Nciphisa ukucindezeleka kokufakwa kokushisa okuhlanganisiwe

Okukhethiwe kahle uhlobo 2 lwedivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka kunciphisa kakhulu amazinga okwehluleka kwesikhathi eside kwemishini ebucayi.

Kungani Ukuvikelwa Okuhlelekile Kubalulekile

Ukusebenzisa Uhlobo 1 noma Uhlobo 2 kuphela kudala izikhala zokuvikela.

• Uhlobo 1 olungenayo Uhlobo 2 lushiya i-residual voltage ingahlolwanga

• Uhlobo 2 olungenalo Uhlobo 1 lubeka engcupheni yokugcwala ngokweqile okukhulu

• Izinhlelo ezihlanganisiwe zithuthukisa ukuhambisana ne-IEC

• Izikhawu zokulungisa ziyandiswa

---

Kusetshenziswa kuphi amadivayisi okuvikela ukukhuphuka kohlobo 1 nohlobo 2?

Ukubekwa okungalungile kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokuvikela. Amadivayisi okuvikela ukukhuphuka kohlobo 1 nohlobo 2 kumele asetshenziswe ezindaweni ezithile ohlelweni lukagesi ukulawula ukugeleza kwamandla okukhuphuka kahle.

Ukusetshenziswa kubaluleke njengokukhethwa kwedivayisi. Ngivame ukubona amadivayisi okuvikela ukukhuphuka asezingeni elihle esebenza kahle ngoba nje afakwe endaweni engafanele. Amadivayisi ohlobo 1 nohlobo 2 asebenza izindima ezahlukene ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sikagesi.

Amadivayisi ohlobo 1 asetshenziswa lapho uhlelo lukagesi luhlangana namanethiwekhi angaphandle. Lokhu kufaka phakathi iminyango yesevisi ehlinzekwa yizinsizakusebenza, ukuxhumana kwezintambo eziphezulu, kanye nezindawo ezinezinhlelo zokuvikela umbani zangaphandle. Indima yazo ukuvimba imisinga emikhulu yokuqhuma ngaphambi kokuba isakazeke ngokujulile ekufakweni.

Amadivayisi ohlobo lwesibili asetshenziswa eduze kwemithwalo ebucayi. Avikela izinhlelo zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela, ama-motor drive, amaphaneli ezinsimbi, kanye nemishini ye-IT ekukhuphukeni kokushintsha okukhiqizwe ngaphakathi kanye nokweqisa kwe-residual voltage.

Kwezindawo zezimboni ezifuna isivikelo esihambisanayo nesithembekile, ukuhlanganisa i- idivayisi yokuvikela yohlobo 1 esangweni lenkonzo elinokuvikelwa kohlobo lwesibili olungezansi kuyindlela yobunjiniyela eyamukelwa kabanzi.

Izinhlelo Zokuvikela Ukwanda Kohlobo 1 Ezijwayelekile

• Ama-switchboard amakhulu anama-voltage aphansi

• Izikhungo ezinezinhlelo zokuvikela umbani zangaphandle

• Izitshalo zezimboni ezisebenzisa izintambo zikagesi eziphezu kwendlu

• Ukufakwa kwamandla avuselelekayo

Lezi zindawo zithola ukuchayeka okuphezulu kakhulu kwamandla okukhuphuka.

Izinhlelo Zokuvikela Ukwanda Kohlobo 2 Ezijwayelekile

• Amaphaneli okulawula nama-MCC

• Amakhabhinethi e-automation kanye ne-PLC

• Izakhiwo zezentengiselwano ezine-elekthronikhi ebucayi

• Amabhodi okusabalalisa angaphansi kwezimboni

Lapha, idivayisi yokuvikela yohlobo lwesibili igxile ekuncishisweni kwama-voltage spikes alimaza izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ithebula Lokuqhathanisa Uhlelo Lokusebenza

---

Ungayikhetha Kanjani Uhlobo Lwedivayisi Yokuvikela Ukwanda Okufanele?

Ukukhetha uhlobo olungalungile lwedivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka kuholela ekuphepheni okungamanga. Ukukhetha okufanele kuncike ku-topology yesistimu, izinga lokuchayeka ekukhuphukeni, kanye nokuzwela kwemishini.

Ukukhetha idivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka akufanele kusekelwe esilinganisweni samanje kuphela. Ngincoma ukuqala ngokuhlola izinga lesistimu. Thola izici zamandla angenayo, ikhwalithi yokusekela phansi, kanye nokubaluleka kwemithwalo evikelwe.

Izindawo ezivezwe umbani noma ezihlinzekwa yizintambo eziphezulu zidinga ukuqina uhlobo 1 lwedivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka emnyango wenkonzo. Lawa madivayisi kumele ahambisane nezindinganiso ze-IEC 61643 futhi aphathe amaza okukhipha aphezulu ngaphandle kokwehluleka.

Ukuze kuvikelwe ngaphakathi, kuhlanganiswe idivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka kohlobo lwesibili kufanele kukhethwe ngokusekelwe ku-voltage ejwayelekile, izinga lokuvikela (Phezulu), kanye nesikhathi sokuphendula. Amanani aphansi avame ukunikeza ukuvikelwa okungcono kuma-elekthronikhi abucayi.

Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo ibanga lokuxhumana, ubude bezintambo, kanye nokumelana nokufakwa komhlaba. Ukufakwa komhlabathi okungekuhle kunganciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwe-SPD, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi idivayisi ilinganiswe kangakanani.

Izindlela Eziyinhloko Zokukhetha Ubuchwepheshe

• I-voltage yesistimu eqondile (Uc)

• Isilinganiso samanje sokukhipha (In / Imax)

• Izinga lokuvikela i-voltage (Phezulu)

• Indawo yokufaka

• Ukuhambisana nezindinganiso ze-IEC

Amaphutha Okukhetha Avamile

• Ukusebenzisa amadivayisi ohlobo lwesibili ngaphandle kokuvikelwa okuphezulu

• Ukwandisa izilinganiso zamanje ngokweqile ngenkathi ungazinaki amanani aphezulu

• Ukunganaki ikhwalithi yesistimu yokumisa phansi

• Ukufaka ama-SPD kude kakhulu nemithwalo evikelwe

I-Logic Yokukhetha Enconyiwe

• Ukuchayeka kokwanda kwangaphandle → Kudingeka uhlobo 1

• Ama-elekthronikhi abucayi → Kudingeka uhlobo 2

• Izinhlelo zezimboni → Ukuvikelwa okuhlelekile

• Isikhathi sokuphumula esibucayi → Izendlalelo ze-SPD ezingafuneki

---

Isiphetho

Okukhethiwe kahle idivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka Isu elihlanganisa ukuvikelwa kohlobo 1 nohlobo 2 libalulekile ekuvikeleni izinhlelo zezimboni nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kokusebenza kwesikhathi eside.

---

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Uyini umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamadivayisi okuvikela ukukhuphuka kohlobo 1 nohlobo 2?

Amadivayisi ohlobo 1 aphatha ukuqhuma kombani onamandla aphezulu ekungeneni kwesevisi, kuyilapho amadivayisi ohlobo 2 ekhawulela ukudlula kwamandla kagesi okusele ngaphakathi kwezinhlelo zokusabalalisa.

Ingabe idivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka kohlobo lwesibili ingayithatha indawo yedivayisi yohlobo lwe-1?

Cha. Amadivayisi ohlobo lwesibili awaklanyelwe ukumelana nokukhanya kombani okuqondile futhi kumele ahlanganiswe nokuvikelwa kohlobo lwe-1.

Kufanele ifakwe kuphi idivayisi yokuvikela yohlobo 1?

Kufanele ifakwe esangweni elikhulu lenkonzo, phezulu kwebhodi lokusabalalisa eliyinhloko.

Zingaki izinto zokuvikela ukukhuphuka ezidingekayo ohlelweni lwezimboni?

Izinhlelo eziningi zezimboni zidinga okungenani izendlalelo ezimbili: Uhlobo 1 emnyango kanye nohlobo 2 eduze kwemishini ebucayi.