Ungayikhetha Kanjani I-Easy Three Phase Surge Protection?

Ngake ngalahlekelwa ibhodi le-CNC elingu-$40,000 ngoba ngeqa i-SPD engu-$200. Lokho kungifundisa ukuthi ngingakhetha kanjani elifanele.

Ngikhetha i-SPD enezigaba ezintathu ngokuhlola i-Uc, In, Imax, Iimp, Up, housing, kanye nezitifiketi zayo. Iyunithi kumele ifane ne-voltage yesistimu yami, iphathe ukuqhuma kwami ​​okubi kakhulu, futhi ilingane nephaneli yami.

Qhubeka ufunda futhi ngizokukhombisa uhlu lokuhlola oluqondile engilunika wonke umthengi ongicela ikhotheshini.

Iyini i-3 Phase Surge Protector?

Ngithumela izinkulungwane zala mabhokisi njalo ngenyanga, kodwa iningi labathengi lisangibuza ukuthi kukhonani ngaphakathi.

Isivikelo sokukhuphuka kwegesi esinezigaba ezintathu yibhokisi lensimbi eliqukethe ama-varistor e-metal-oxide namapayipi egesi. Sihambisa i-voltage eyengeziwe emhlabeni ukuze ukukhuphuka kwegesi kungafinyeleli kuma-motor ami, ama-drive, noma ama-PLC.

Indlela engiqamba ngayo izingxenye ezingaphakathi

Ngivula enye yamayunithi ethu e-Leikexing ebhentshini lami. Uzobona ama-varistor amathathu noma amane axhunywe phakathi kwe-L1-L2, L2-L3, L3-L1, kanye nomugqa ngamunye oya emhlabeni. I-fuse encane yokushisa ihlala kudiski ngayinye ye-varistor. Uma idiski ishisa kakhulu, i-fuse iyavuleka bese kuvela ifulegi elibomvu. Leli fulegi linginika isignali yokungahambi ngokushesha lapho ngihamba emgqeni wephaneli.

Kungani ngikhetha imodi engu-3+1 yezitshalo eziningi

Iklayenti lami laseJalimane lisebenzisa amanethiwekhi angu-400 V TN-S. Li-oda imodi engu-3+1: ama-varistors amathathu omugqa kuya komugqa kanye nenye ye-N-PE. Le modi inginika isivikelo esilinganayo esigabeni kanye nakwe-neutral. Uma ngisebenzisa imodi engu-3 kuphela, i-neutral-to-earth surge ingase ishaye i-PLC yakhe. Izindleko ezengeziwe zama-$8 zishibhile kunehora elilodwa lokungasebenzi.

Indlela engifunda ngayo ilebula ngemizuzwana eyishumi

Ngifundisa abathengi ukufunda ilebula bebhekise phansi ngenkathi iyunithi isesebhokisini. Bheka lezi zinombolo ezinhlanu:

Uma kukhona inombolo engekho, ngicela ishidi lokuhlola kumhlinzeki. Akukho shidi, akukho ukuthenga.

Isebenza kanjani idivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka kwezigaba ezintathu?

Ngisakhumbula okokuqala ngibona i-40 kA ikhuphuka ku-oscilloscope. Intambo ye-voltage yayikhuphuka njengerokhethi.

I-SPD yami yesigaba ezintathu isebenza njengeswishi esheshayo. Lapho i-voltage yomugqa ikhuphuka ngaphezu kwezinga layo le-clamp, ukumelana kwe-varistor kwehla kusuka kuma-mega-ohms kuya kuma-ohms ngamasekhondi amancane. Ifinyeza ukukhuphuka komhlaba bese iqala kabusha lapho i-voltage ibuyela esimweni sayo esijwayelekile.

Ijika le-clamp engilidonsela abathengi

Ngidweba umugqa olula ebhodini elimhlophe. Ngakwesobunxele kukhona i-230 V RMS; ngakwesokudla kukhona i-1 kV. Ngidweba i-flat top ku-700 V. Lowo mugqa oyisicaba yi-Up, noma i-let-through voltage. Noma yini engaphezu kwalowo mugqa iyashiswa ku-varistor, hhayi ku-drive yakho. Ngitshela abathengi ukuthi: “I-drive yakho ibona kuphela okungaphansi kwalowo mugqa oyisicaba.”

Kungani isivinini sidlula usayizi

I-varistor enkulu ingadinga amandla amaningi, kodwa futhi ihamba kancane. Ngivivinya amayunithi amabili eceleni: idiski engu-40 mm kanye nediski engu-34 mm. Iyunithi encane ibamba ama-V aphansi ngo-50 ngoba ama-lead ayo mafushane. Kuma-servo drive ngihlala ngikhetha idiski encane, esheshayo noma ngabe ibiza ngo-5%. Isikhathi sokuphumula esilondoloziwe siyabuya ngesonto elilodwa.

Lapho ngibeka khona isibopho somhlaba

Ngake ngavakashela indawo yase-UK eyayilokhu ivuthela ama-SPD. Umfakisi wayesebenzise intambo yomhlaba engu-10 m emuva kubha eyinhloko. Ukufakwa kwentambo kwengeze ama-V angu-600 ku-voltage evumela ukuthi idlule. Ngathutha i-SPD earth kubha yethusi yendawo engu-50 mm² eduze kwephaneli. Isigameko esilandelayo sokukhuphuka kwashiya ama-drive engathintekile. Ibanga eliya emhlabeni libaluleke kakhulu kunegama lomkhiqizo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezivikelo zokuhlinzwa kwezimboni zesigaba ezintathu

Ngingena esitshalweni sokudla saseFrance ngenyanga edlule. Yonke injini yokuthutha yayingasebenzi ngemuva kwesiphepho. Babengasakwazi ukuxhuma ama-SPD ku-feeder ye-MCC.

Ngifaka ama-SPD esigaba sesithathu kuma-feeder amakhulu, kuma-sub-panels, nasemshinini. Iyunithi eyinhloko ithatha u-80% wamandla, iyunithi yama-sub-panels ithatha u-15%, kanti iyunithi yendawo isindisa i-PLC. Le cascade igcina umugqa wami usebenza amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto.

Izingqimba ezintathu engizidwebayo zephrojekthi ngayinye

Izindleko eziphelele zomugqa ongu-500 kW zingaphansi kuka-$400. I-VFD eyodwa ethosiwe ibiza u-$3,200. I-ROI ingu-8:1 noma ngabe i-surge eyodwa kuphela ifika ngonyaka.

Kungani ngingahlanganisi i-SPD ne-VFD ebhokisini elilodwa

Ukushisa kuyabulala. I-VFD isebenza ku-60 °C ngaphakathi. I-SPD yehlisa u-1% kuyo yonke i-1 °C ngaphezu kuka-40 °C. Uma ngifaka i-SPD ngaphakathi kwebhokisi le-VFD, isilinganiso sayo esingu-40 kA sehla siye ku-25 kA. Ngiyifaka odongeni olungaphandle kwesobunxele, igebe lomoya elicacile elingu-200 mm. Iyunithi ihlala ipholile futhi ngisahlangabezana ne-IP54 enekhava encane.

Indlela engiphatha ngayo amandla elanga esitshalweni esifanayo

Indawo efanayo yaseFrance ine-solar yophahla engu-200 kW. I-inverter ibuyela ebhodini elifanayo eliyinhloko. Izintambo zelanga zingadlulisela amandla emuva. Ngifaka i-DC SPD ku-string combiner kanye ne-AC SPD ku-inverter output. Womabili amayunithi abelana nge-earth bar efanayo ne-SPD eyinhloko. Umhlaba owodwa, izinga elilodwa le-clamp, akukho ukulwa.

Isimiso Sokusebenza Sokuvikela Ukwanda Kwesigaba Esi-3

Ngithanda ukuphula idiski ye-varistor ngesando ngemva kokuba isiqedile umsebenzi wayo. Ngaphakathi ubona isihlabathi esimnyama sobumba. Leso sihlabathi yisona siqhawe.

I-SPD yami yesigaba esithathu isebenza ngokuhlukaniswa kwamandla kagesi. Ngaphansi kwe-400 V evamile, i-varistor isebenza njengeswishi evulekile. Lapho i-surge iphakamisa noma yimuphi umugqa ngaphezu kwe-700 V, i-varistor iyabamba futhi ihlukanise amandla okukhuphuka phakathi kwezindlela zomugqa womhlaba kanye nezindlela ezingathathi hlangothi. Ngemva kokunyuka, ibuyela ekumelaneni okuphezulu bese ilinda ukushaya okulandelayo.

Isikhathi sesikhathi esincane engisiphrintayo sabathengi

Nginamathisela leli shidi ngaphakathi komnyango wephaneli. Ochwepheshe bezogesi bayayithanda ngoba bayabona ukuthi kungani ifulegi elibomvu lingaphumanga: ukusetha kabusha kweyunithi, ngakho-ke ukuphakama kwaba kufushane.

Kungani ngikhetha i-275 V Uc yezinhlelo ze-230 V

Uhlelo lwe-230 V lungafinyelela ku-253 V ngosuku olunelanga. Uma ngikhetha i-275 V Uc, nginomkhawulo we-22 V. I-320 V Uc inganginika umkhawulo we-67 V kodwa i-voltage evumelayo ikhuphuke ngo-120 V. Ngiyayamukela umkhawulo oqinile ukuze ngithole i-clamp ephansi. Eminyakeni eyishumi asizange sibe nohambo olungamanga kumayunithi angu-275 V. Ithiyori inhle, kodwa idatha yami yasensimini iyanqoba.

Indlela engihlola ngayo ibhetshi ngaphambi kokuba iphume efektri yami

Ngakhe ilebhu yokushisa engu-60 kA engu-8/20 µs eWenzhou. Iqembu ngalinye lithola ukuhlolwa kwesampula okukodwa. Ngifaka iyunithi kathathu ku-60 kA, bese ngilinganisa i-Up. Uma i-Up idlula ngaphezu kwe-10%, ngiyayenqaba i-batch. Abathengi bathola umbiko wokuhlola nge-imeyili ngaphambi kokuba isitsha siphume ngisho nasedokini. Lowo mbiko uwukuxhawulana kwami.

Izimpawu Ezi-4 Okufanele Uzithathe Esikhundleni Se-SPD Yakho Yesigaba Esi-3

Ngahamba ngebhayisikili lase-UK ngonyaka odlule. Ifasitela labo le-SPD lalimnyama, kodwa umphathi wesitshalo wathi, “Lisakhanya liluhlaza, ngakho-ke kumelwe ukuba lihle.” Ngemva kwamasonto amabili i-oven PLC yathosa.

Ngishintsha i-SPD yami yesigaba sesithathu uma ifasitela libomvu, i-fuse yokushisa ivuliwe, i-varistor iphukile, noma ishidi lokuhlola libonisa ukukhuphuka okuphezulu ngaphezu kuka-10%. Noma yiluphi uphawu olulodwa lusho ukuthi iyunithi ngeke ivale ukukhuphuka okulandelayo.

Ukuhlola okubonakalayo kwesekhondi elilodwa engikufundisayo

Ngicela wonke uchwepheshe kagesi we-shift ukuthi enze lokhu: vula iphaneli, ubheke ifasitela le-SPD, uvale iphaneli. Uma ifasitela liluhlaza, ubhala inombolo yethegi ye-SPD ebhodini elimhlophe. Ngithumela amayunithi asele egumbini lesitolo sendawo. Ukushintshana kuthatha imizuzu emihlanu futhi akukho mathuluzi. Sikuphatha njengokushintsha isibani.

Indlela engisebenzisa ngayo imitha yokubamba ukuze ngiguge ngendlela efihliwe

Ngezinye izikhathi ifasitela liseluhlaza, kodwa i-varistor ikhathele. Ngibopha ucingo lomhlaba bese ngidlula umugqa nge-500 V insulation tester. Uma ugesi womhlaba ungaphansi kuka-0.5 mA, i-varistor isasebenza kahle. Ngaphezu kuka-2 mA kusho ukuthi isiqalile ukuvuza. Ngibhala inombolo bese ngiyishintsha iyunithi ekucimeni okulandelayo okuhleliwe. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuthatha imizuzu emibili futhi kusindisa ucingo lokwethuka ngo-2 ekuseni.

Ilebula losuku engilinamathisela kuwo wonke amayunithi

Nginyathelisa ilebula elincane elinosuku lokufaka kanye nekhodi ye-QR. Ikhodi ixhumanisa neshidi le-Google. Ishidi libonisa usuku lokufaka, usuku lokugcina lokuhlola, kanye nosuku olulandelayo lokugcina. Lapho iyunithi ifika eminyakeni emihlanu, uhlelo lwami lungithumelela i-imeyili. Ngithumela umthengi umyalezo: “I-SPD yakho manje isineminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Intengo isengu-$85. Ngingafaka izingcezu ezimbili ku-oda lakho elilandelayo?” Iningi labathengi lishaya okuthi “Phendula Yebo” ngaphansi kwemizuzwana eyishumi.

Ungazikhetha Kanjani Ama-SPD Afanele Ezigaba Ezintathu?

Ngithola le imeyili cishe nsuku zonke: “Jason, nginike intengo yakho engcono kakhulu.” Ngiphendula ngemibuzo eyisithupha. Lapho umthengi ephendula, ngithumela ikhotheshini yomugqa owodwa. Isivumelwano siphela ngehora elilodwa.

Ngikhetha i-SPD yesigaba ezintathu efanelekile ngokufanisa izinombolo ezinhlanu nohlelo lwami: i-voltage, i-short-circuit current, i-surge elindelekile, i-enclosure IP, kanye nohlu lwesitifiketi. Ngibe sengicela umhlinzeki ishidi lokuhlola kanye newaranti yeminyaka emihlanu. Uma zombili zifika ngosuku olulodwa, ngiyathenga.

Ishidi lokukhohlisa elinezinyathelo ezi-5 engilithumela kubathengi

Ngikopisha le migqa emihlanu ku-imeyili. Umhlinzeki uthi “Yebo, sihlangana sonke” noma uhlela umugqa owodwa. Akukho ndaba ende, akukho zincwajana ze-PDF.

Kungani ngingaze ngifune intengo ephansi kakhulu

Ngibala Izindleko Zobunikazi Eziphelele: intengo + imithwalo + umsebenzi + izindleko zami zomcimbi owodwa wesikhathi sokungasebenzi. EJalimane, isikhathi sokungasebenzi kwehora elilodwa lomugqa wezimoto singu-€40,000. I-€65 SPD ehlulekayo ingibiza intengo ephindwe izikhathi ezingu-615. Ngikhokha u-€85 ngeyunithi enombiko we-TUV kanye nesitoko sendawo. U-€20 owengeziwe ungumshwalense wami.

Indlela engingena ngayo esivumelwaneni sentengo seminyaka emibili

Ngitshela umthengi: “Faka ama-oda amabili esitsheni esisodwa manje. Ngigcina intengo izinyanga ezingama-24.” Umthengi wonga u-$2,000 ekuthuthweni futhi uthola isivikelo sentengo ekukhuphukeni kwentengo yethusi. Ngifaka izingcezu ezingu-500 esitolo sethu sokugcina impahla saseWenzhou ngelebula lakhe. Uma efona, ngithumela emahoreni angama-48. Zombili izinhlangothi zilala kahle.

Isiphetho

Ngilahlekelwe yimali ngokukhuphuka kwamandla, ngakho-ke ngibhale lolu hlu lokuhlola. Lusebenzise, ​​khetha i-SPD efanele, bese umisa ibhawodi elilandelayo ngaphambi kokuba likuvimbe. Ngithumelele i-imeyili ku-caroline@leikexing.com futhi ngizokuthumelela isampula yamahhala namuhla.