Ungayikhetha Kanjani Idivayisi Yokuvikela Ukwanda Kwesigaba Esisodwa Efanele?

Ungayikhetha Kanjani Idivayisi Yokuvikela Ukwanda Kwesigaba Esisodwa Efanele?

Ngithose imishini emibili yekhofi kanye nesilawuli se-CNC esingu-$3,800 ngaphambi kokuba ngivume ukuthi ngangingazi ukuthi ukuqhuma kwe-surge kubukeka kanjani.

Ngikhetha i-SPD yesigaba esisodwa ngokuhlola izinombolo ezintathu: i-max surge current (kA), izinga lokuvikela i-voltage (VPR), kanye nesilinganiso se-short-circuit (SCCR). Qondanisa lezo nosayizi we-breaker yakho kanye nokuzwela komthwalo, bese idivayisi izophila isikhathi eside kunemishini eyivikelayo.

Qhubeka ufunda uma ufuna isihlungi esifanayo semizuzu emithathu engisisebenzisayo ukuze ngingaphinde ngichithe isikhathi ephepheni ledatha elingalungile.

Ukuqonda Amandla Esigaba Esisodwa?

Bengicabanga ukuthi “isigaba esisodwa” sisho ucingo olulodwa kwaze kwaba yilapho ngiqhumisa i-fuse ngabona izintambo ezimbili kanye nomhlaba kuphaneli.

Amandla esigaba esisodwa yisevisi yezintambo ezimbili engu-230 V noma engu-120 V ephakela amakhaya nezitolo ezincane. I-hot conductor eyodwa, eyodwa engathathi hlangothi, kanye ne-sine wave ephindaphindayo kukunika wonke amandla owadingayo ezibani, ama-laptop, kanye nama-lathe.

Kungani ukuma kwegagasi kubalulekile

Igagasi le-sine lifinyelela i-peak engu-325 V ohlelweni lwe-230 V. I-surge idlula phezu kwaleyo peak futhi ingafinyelela ku-600 V kuma-microsecond. Uma i-SPD yakho ikalwe nge-275 V RMS, izoqala ukudubula kusenesikhathi bese inqamula ingaphezulu legagasi. Uma ubamba imodeli ye-420 V ngoba ishibhile, i-surge izongena ngqo ku-VFD yakho. Ngigcina i-oscilloscope ephaketheni ebhokisini lami lamathuluzi; ukubuka kanye igagasi eliqediwe kungitshela ukuthi ngikhethe isigaba se-voltage esifanele.

Ithebula 1: Ama-voltage avamile esigaba esisodwa uma kuqhathaniswa nesigaba sama-voltage se-SPD esinconyiwe

Kuyini Ukuvikelwa Kokukhuphuka Kwesigaba Esisodwa?

Ngitshele umthengi wami ukuthi isivikelo sokukhuphuka simane nje siyisiqeshana samandla esiyingqayizivele; wangithumelela ibhili lokulungisa umshini wokusika nge-laser.

Idivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka kwesigaba esisodwa iyiyunithi encane efakwa eceleni kwephaneli yakho ye-breaker. Ngaphakathi, ama-varistors e-metal-oxide (ama-MOV) noma amashubhu egesi adlulisela ugesi owengeziwe emhlabeni ngaphansi kwamasekhondi angu-25, okugcina imithwalo yakho ingaphansi kwe-voltage yawo yokumelana.

Izingxenye ongazibona

Vula isikhwama sepulasitiki bese uthola amadiski amathathu abukeka njengezinhlamvu zemali. Lawo ama-MOV. I-fuse yokushisa ihlezi eduze kwediski ngayinye; uma i-MOV ishisa kakhulu, i-fuse iyavuleka bese i-LED eluhlaza icima. Ngake ngasika iyunithi ehlulekile; ucingo lwe-fuse lwaluphelile futhi i-MOV yayiphenduke yaba mnyama. Lokho kuhlola okubonakalayo kwangisindisa ekufakeni kabusha isivikelo esifile.

Ithebula 2: Izingxenye zangaphakathi nokuthi yini ezizibulalayo

Isebenza kanjani idivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka kwesigaba esisodwa (i-Single Phase SPD)?

Ngibukele i-40 kA ishaya ku-logger yami; i-voltage endaweni yokukhipha igesi ikhuphuke ngo-90 V kuphela esikhundleni sika-1,200 V.

I-SPD ihlala ngaphesheya kwe-line-neutral kanye ne-line-earth. Lapho kufika i-surge, izingxenye zayo zangaphakathi zishintshela esimweni se-low-impedance kuma-nanoseconds. I-surge current ihamba nge-SPD, hhayi iphrinta yakho, futhi i-clamping voltage ihlala ngaphansi komkhawulo womonakalo womthwalo obucayi.

Ijika lokubopha

I-MOV ngayinye inejika elibonisa i-voltage vs. current. Ku-1 mA i-MOV iqala ukuqhuba; ku-1 kA i-voltage iphakeme ngo-50%. Ngimboza lelojika phezu kwe-standby spec ye-CNC yami. Uma i-CNC ifa ku-800 V futhi i-MOV ifinyelela ku-820 V ku-3 kA, ngithuthela ku-MOV enkulu noma ngengeze isigaba sesibili. Angikaze ngiyithembe ikhathalogi kuphela; ngidweba imigqa emibili bese ngifuna igebe.

Isimiso Sokusebenza Sokuvikela Ukwanda Kwesigaba Esisodwa?

Bengicabanga ukuthi "umgomo wokusebenza" wawuwukukhohlisa kokumaketha kwaze kwaba yilapho ngithola inhlansi eyagxuma phezu kwebhulokhi yesiphelo.

Umgomo osebenzayo uwukuwohloka okulula kwe-impedance. Ngaphansi kwe-voltage evamile i-SPD ibukeka njengesekethe evulekile. Lapho i-surge ingeza amandla engeziwe, izinhlamvu ze-MOV ziyaqhekeka, zidale i-short, bese ziqondisa amandla emhlabeni. Ngemva kokuphela kwe-surge, i-MOV iyasetha kabusha bese ilinda ukushaya okulandelayo.

Ukwabelana ngamandla ngaphakathi kweyunithi

Ukwanda kwe-20 kA akuhlali ku-MOV eyodwa. Iyunithi isebenzisa ama-MOV amathathu ngesikhathi esifanayo ngakho idiski ngayinye idla cishe ingxenye yesithathu. Uma i-MOV eyodwa iguga ngokushesha, ukumelana kwayo kuyehla bese yeba amandla amaningi, ishise, bese i-fuse yokushisa iyibulala. Lokho kufa okuhle kugcina amanye amabili ephila. Ngihlala ngihlola amakhodi edethi; ama-MOV avela eminyakeni efanayo ye-batch ngesivinini esifanayo, ngakho-ke amakhithi ami okufaka esikhundleni aphethe izitembu zedethi ezifanayo.

Ungayifaka Kanjani I-Single Phase Surge Protector?

Ngake ngaxhuma i-SPD emuva; i-LED yahlala iluhlaza kodwa isivikelo sanyamalala njengentuthu.

Cisha i-breaker eyinhloko. Xhuma umugqa we-SPD ohlangothini lomthwalo we-breaker, ongathathi hlangothi kubha engathathi hlangothi, kanye nomhlaba kubha yomhlaba. Gcina ama-lead amafushane kuno-30 cm, uwasonte ndawonye, ​​​​kanye ne-torque ku-2 Nm. Vala iphaneli, uvule, bese uqinisekisa ukuthi izibani ze-LED eziluhlaza zizinzile.

Ukuhlolwa kobude be-lead engikwenzayo kuyo yonke imisebenzi

Ngisebenzisa ijenereyitha yesignali engu-1 MHz bese nginamathisela intambo engu-10 cm kuzo zonke iziphetho ze-SPD. Ukwehla kwamandla kagesi kuphindeka kabili uma ngifaka amanye angu-10 cm. Lokho kuhlolwa kungifakazela ukuthi u-30 cm uwumkhawulo onzima; isentimitha ngalinye elengeziwe lengeza cishe u-40 V ku-let-through. Uma iphaneli ligcwele, ngifaka i-SPD emnyango bese ngisebenzisa ithusi elilukiwe; isimo esiyisicaba sinciphisa i-inductance ngesigamu.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwabavikeli Bokukhuphuka Kwesigaba Esisodwa Ebhizinisini Elincane?

Ibhikawozi leklayenti lami lalahlekelwa ama-oven amathathu ngesiphepho esisodwa; indoda yomshuwalense yasola “inhlanhla embi” kwaze kwaba yilapho simkhombisa i-SPD encibilikisiwe esasiyilungisile ngosuku olulandelayo.

Ama-SPD esigaba esisodwa aqapha amarejista emali, imishini ye-espresso, ama-router e-CNC, kanye ne-CCTV ezitolo ezincane. Angena ngaphakathi kwe-rack ye-1U noma alengiswe ku-DIN rail eceleni kwemitha. Iyunithi eyodwa ye-20 kA igcina lonke ulayini wokubhaka usebenza phakathi nenkathi yokuduma kwezulu.

Icebo lokuqoqa imithwalo engilisebenzisayo

Ngibhala yonke idivayisi ngaphansi kuka-16 A bese ngiyimaka ngokuthi “ebucayi” noma “eqinile.” Imithwalo ebucayi njenge-PLC yabelana nge-SPD eyodwa ne-550 V VPR. Imithwalo eqinile njenge-heater ihlala ngemuva kwe-SPD yesibili ene-650 V VPR. Ukuhlukaniswa kunciphisa izindleko ngoba imodeli ye-650 V ishibhile ngo-30%. Ispredishithi sami sibonisa umnikazi ukuthi ulondoloze u-$210 kanye nesikhathi esifushane sokuhola esivela efektri yethu yaseWenzhou.

Imithetho Yokufaka Okufanele Ilandelwe?

Ngake ngasika amakhona ngagijima ama-lead angu-50 cm ngoba i-DIN rail yayibukeka iyinhle kakhulu; umhloli wangiphoqa ukuthi ngiyiklebhule.

Landela le mithetho emine: gcina ama-lead ngaphansi kwama-30 cm, sebenzisa ithusi elingu-16 mm², engeza i-breaker engu-32 A phezulu, bese ufaka i-SPD ngemva kwemitha kodwa ngaphambi kwe-RCD. Lalela ikhodi yendawo: eJalimane sebenzisa i-VDE 0100-443, e-UK landela i-BS 7671 534.

Ithebula 3: Uhlu lokuhlola olusheshayo engilunika abasebenzi bami

Isiphetho

Khetha izinombolo, usike ama-lead, uqinise izikulufo, bese i-SPD yakho yesigaba esisodwa izofa ukuze imishini yakho ingafi.

Ngithumelele i-imeyili ku-caroline@leikexing.com ukuze uthole isilinganiso sekhasi elilodwa futhi sizokuthumela inqwaba yakho eyenziwe ngokwezifiso kusuka eWenzhou ezinsukwini ezingu-15.