Kusukela ekufakweni kuya ekulungisweni, le mininingwane akumelwe inganakwa

Ezinhlelweni zamandla zanamuhla, ama-surge protectors (SPD) afana "nenqubomgomo yomshuwalense" yamadivayisi kagesi. Kodwa bewazi? Le divayisi ebonakala ilula, uma ifakiwe noma ingasetshenziswanga kahle, ayigcini nje ngokwehluleka ukunikeza isivikelo kodwa ingaba yingozi yokuphepha. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngezinto eziwusizo zokusebenzisa ama-SPD.

1.I-SPD: I "ivesti engangenwa yizinhlamvu"uhlelo lwamandla

Cabanga ukuthi lapho umbani ushaya izintambo zikagesi eziseduze noma imishini emikhulu iqala ngokuzumayo, kuzoba nokushaya kwe-high-voltage okusheshayo kugridi yamandla. "Ukunyuka kwamandla" okunjalo kungabangela ukuthi imishini iqale kabusha kahle kakhulu futhi ishise ngqo amabhodi wesekethe kakhulu. Umsebenzi we-SPD ukuhambisa la mandla ayingozi phansi ngaphakathi kwamasekhondi amancane.

Njengamanje, ama-SPD emakethe ahlukaniswe kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezintathu:

Ukuvikelwa okuqinile (Uhlobo 1):Ifakwe endaweni yokungena kagesi enkulu yesakhiwo, eyenzelwe ngqo ukusingatha ukushaya kombani okuqondile.

Ukuvikelwa kokulingana (Uhlobo 2):Kusatshalaliswa emabhokisini ahlukahlukene okusabalalisa, kubhekene nokwanda okusele ngemva kokuvikelwa okuyinhloko.

Ukuvikelwa okuqinile (Uhlobo 3):Ukuvikela ngqo imishini eyigugu ngayinye, njengezisekelo zamandla zamaseva.

2.I "ukuma okulungile"yokufaka i-SPD

2.1 "Ukuhlolwa Kwangaphambi Kokufakwa"

- Okokuqala, hlola "ikhadi lobunikazi" le-SPD: i-voltage ekaliwe kanye ne-voltage ephezulu yokusebenza eqhubekayo kumele ifane negridi yakho yamandla.

- Ukukhetha indawo kubalulekile: izinga lokuqala lokuvikela kufanele libe seduze neswishi eyinhloko, izinga lesibili ebhokisini lokusabalalisa, kanti izinga lesithathu kungcono lingabi ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1.5 ukusuka emishinini evikelwe.

- Ucingo oluphansi kufanele lube "lufushane, lube lubanzi futhi luqonde": ubude kufanele bulawulwe ngaphakathi kwamamitha angu-0.5. Ukugoba njengocingo olujikelezayo akwamukeleki.

2.2 Umhlahlandlela Wokufaka Isinyathelo Ngesinyathelo

Ukuphepha Kuqala:Cima njalo ugesi kuqala! Unganqikazi ukwenza kanjalo. Ukusebenza ugesi uvuliwe akuyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula.

Ukulandelana Kwezintambo:Xhuma intambo yokumisa (PE) kuqala, bese kuba intambo engathathi hlangothi (N), bese kuthi ekugcineni kube intambo ephilayo (L).

Ukuxhumana Okufanayo Kuyisihluthulelo:Khumbula ukuthi i-SPD "ixhunywe ngokuhambisana" kusekethe. Ungalokothi uyixhume ngochungechunge.

Isiqinisekiso Sokugcina:Ngemva kokuvula, hlola izibani zesikhombisi. Okuluhlaza kubonisa ukusebenza okuvamile, kanti okubomvu kubonisa ukuthi kudingeka kushintshwe.

Ngicela uqaphele:Uma ibanga phakathi kwamayunithi e-SPD ayinhloko nawesibili lingaphansi kwamamitha ayi-10, sicela ufake ama-decoupling inductors. Le ndleko ayikwazi ukushiywa.

3."Amasimu agqitshwe ngamabhomu"Ekusetshenzisweni kanye Nezinyathelo Zokulwa

3.1 I "okumelwe kube yizintathu"ukulungiswa kwansuku zonke

- Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kuyadingeka: Okungenani kanye ngenyanga, hlola isibani sesibonakaliso sesimo se-SPD bese uhlola ukuthi amatheminali okuxhumana akhululekile yini.

- Kudingeka ukuhlolwa kobungcweti: Njalo ngonyaka, qasha uchwepheshe ozosebenzisa imishini ekhethekile yokuhlola. Ama-multimeter asekhaya awakwazi ukunikeza imiphumela enembile.

- Ukushintshwa kumele kwenziwe ngokushesha: Ngisho noma i-SPD ibonakala ilungile ngemva kokushaywa umbani, kufanele ishintshwa ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi yonakele ngaphakathi.

3.2 Ukuzivumelanisa Nemvelo

Ezindaweni “ezinzima” njengezitshalo zamakhemikhali noma eduze kolwandle, i-SPD evamile ingase ingapheli ngisho nonyaka. Ezimweni ezinjalo, umuntu kufanele akhethe “inguqulo ethuthukisiwe” ene-casing yokulwa nokugqwala. Nakuba ibiza kakhulu, isasebenza kahle kakhulu kunezishintsha njalo.

3.3 Imibono Engalungile Evamile

Umbono Oyiphutha: “Ingasetshenziswa impilo yonke ngemva kokufakwa”

Iqiniso: Ama-resistor azwela ukucindezela ku-SPD azoguga kancane kancane futhi adinge ukushintshwa ngemva kweminyaka emi-3 kuya kwemi-5.

Umbono Ongafanele: “Uma kubiza kakhulu, kungcono”

Iqiniso: Isihluthulelo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amapharamitha ayahambisana. Ukufaka i-SPD enesilinganiso esingu-380V sesekethe yasekhaya engu-220V empeleni kuyingozi kakhulu.

4.Amasu okuvikela ezimweni ezahlukene

4.1 Abasebenzisi basekhaya

Vele ufake i-Type 2 SPD ebhokisini lokusabalalisa. Khumbula ukunikeza i-power strip evikelwe ukukhuphuka kwemishini eyigugu.

4.2 Ama-workshop asefektri

Kumishini "eyigugu" efana nama-frequency converter nama-PLC, kunconywa ukuthi kube nokuvikelwa okubili kohlobo 2 nohlobo 3.

4.3 Izikhungo zedatha

Kudingeka ikhambi "lokuvikela elinezingqimba ezintathu". Kungaba ngcono uma isimo se-SPD singaqashwa kude.

5.Okufanele ukwenze uma kukhona'inkinga?

Uma usashaywa umbani ngisho nangemva kokufaka idivayisi ye-SPD, ungamsoli ngokushesha umenzi. Landela lezi zinyathelo ukuze uxazulule izinkinga:

• Hlola ukuthi ifasitela lesikhombisi se-SPD seliphenduke laba bomvu yini.

• Kala ukuthi ukumelana komhlabathi kungaphezu kwesilinganiso.

• Hlola ukuthi imigqa ephakathi kwemishini evikelwe kanye ne-SPD inde kakhulu.

Isiphetho

Ukuphepha kwamandla akuyona into encane. Uhlelo oluhle lwe-SPD lufana nokuthenga “umshwalense wezempilo” wemishini. Kodwa-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umshwalense muhle kangakanani, udinga “ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba” njalo ukuze usebenze. Uma usenemibuzo mayelana nokukhetha noma ukufakwa kwe-SPD, kutuswa ukuthi uxhumane nonjiniyela ochwepheshe ngqo. Phela, ukuphepha kwamandla akukwazi ukuba budedengu.