Isingeniso:

Kungani Imishini Yakho Idinga "i-Voltage Bodyguard"?

Cabanga ngalokhu: Ngobusuku obunesiphepho obunombani odlula esibhakabhakeni, imishini yakho yokunemba ebiza amakhulu ezinkulungwane "iyashaya ngokuzumayo." Lesi akusona isigcawu esivela ku-movie ethusayo kodwa yiphupho elibi langempela amafektri amaningi kanye nemindeni eye yabhekana nalo. Idivayisi yokuvikela ukukhuphuka (i-SPD) "iyiqhawe elikhulu" lale ndaba—ekwaziyo ukubamba ukuphakama kwamandla kagesi okuyingozi ngesigamu sesigidi somzuzwana. Kodwa nansi into ebambekayo: abantu abaningi baletha lo "mlindi" ekhaya bengazi ukuthi bayisebenzise kanjani kahle.

Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalo mqaphi wokuphepha kagesi obonakala ulula kodwa oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.

Ingxenye 1: Yazi "umqaphi wakho we-elekthronikhi"

1.1 Luhlobo luni "lobuchwepheshe obumnyama" i-SPD?

Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, isimiso sokuvikela ukukhuphuka asiyinkimbinkimbi. Kufana "neswishi ehlakaniphile", ehlala ithule ngezikhathi ezijwayelekile. Uma isithole i-voltage engavamile (njengamashumi ezinkulungwane zama-volts e-voltage ephezulu ngesikhathi sokushaya kombani), ingavula umnyango futhi ikhulule amanzi" ngamasekhondi amancane, futhi ihambise ugesi oyingozi phansi. Ijubane lokusabela lingakanani? Lishesha izikhathi eziyizigidi kunaleso osibona sicwayiza!

1.2 Ukuhlukanisa "izitho zangaphakathi" ze-SPD

Ama-SPD avamile emakethe athembele "kumakhono akhethekile" amathathu ukuze asebenze:

I-varistor ye-metal oxide (MOV): imunca i-overvoltage njengesiponji imunca amanzi

Ipayipi lokukhipha igesi (GDT): iqhuba imisinga emikhulu ngegesi e-ionizing

I-diode yokucindezela yesikhashana (i-TVS): ngokukhethekile ekubhekaneni nalezo zinhliziyo ezibuthakathaka nezingenamandla

Ngokuthakazelisayo, izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-SPD empeleni zinamandla azo. Njengoba nje ukukhetha umlindi kungabheki nje kuphela imisipha, ukukhetha i-SPD nakho kuncike esimweni - izidingo zeshabhu yefektri kanye nethiyetha yasekhaya zihlukile kakhulu.

Ingxenye 2: Kukufundisa ukuthi ungayifaka kanjani i-SPD isinyathelo ngesinyathelo

2.1 Umhlahlandlela wokugwema izingibe ekuthengeni

Ngonyaka odlule, ikhasimende langikhononda ngokuthi i-SPD alithengile alisebenzi. Ngemva kokubuza, ngathola ukuthi ufake imodeli engu-20kA yokusetshenziswa ekhaya esiteshini sesitimela endaweni enezintaba evame ukushaywa umbani! Lokhu kufana nokusebenzisa isambulela ukuvimba isichotho. Kungaba yinto exakile uma ingaphuki.

Khumbula lezi zinombolo ezibalulekile uma uthenga:

• Inani le-voltage: kumele kufane! Ukufaka i-380V SPD ohlelweni lwe-220V kufana nokungayifaki

• Izinga lokugeleza: Kunconywa i-40kA ezindaweni ezisogwini ezinombani ovamile

• Imodi yokuvikela: Uhlobo "1+1" lusetshenziselwa izinto zasendlini ezivamile, kanti uhlobo "3+1" lungcono kakhulu kumathuluzi okunemba

2.2 "Isifundo segazi nezinyembezi" endaweni yokufakwa

Ngenyanga edlule, ngaya esikhungweni sedatha ukuze ngiyolungisa futhi ngathola ukuthi i-SPD yabo empeleni yayifakwe ngamamitha amathathu ukusuka emugqeni omkhulu! Lokhu kufana nokukhiya isicisha-mlilo ekamelweni elilandelayo. Uma kukhona umlilo wangempela, asikho isikhathi sokuwuthola.

Ukuma okulungile kokufakwa:

• Cima ugesi! Cima ugesi! Cima ugesi! (Izinto ezibalulekile kufanele zishiwo kathathu)

• Khumbula ukulandelana kwezintambo: xhuma ucingo oluphansi kuqala, bese kuba ucingo olungathathi hlangothi, bese ekugcineni ucingo olubukhoma

• Zama ukufinyeza ubude bentambo yokuxhuma (umphumela wokuvikela uzoncishiswa phakathi uma udlula amamitha angu-0.5)

• Ungakhohlwa ukwenza "ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba": sebenzisa i-megohmmeter ukukala ukumelana komhlabathi

Nasi icebo elincane: beka inothi elinamathelayo eduze kwe-SPD bese ubhala usuku lokufakwa. Le nto ifana nephedi yamabhuleki emoto, idinga ukushintshwa ngemva kwesikhathi eside isetshenziswa.

Ingxenye 3: Imininingwane yokulungisa ayinakwa ngabantu abangu-90%

3.1 "Izimpawu zokufa" kwe-SPD

• I-SPD ayikwazi ukukhuluma, kodwa izokutshela ukuthi "Ngiyafa" ngalezi zindlela:

• Igobolondo liphenduka liphuzi futhi liyashintshashintsha (njengethoyizi lepulasitiki elidala). Isibani senkomba siqala "ukufana nesiphetho" (kusobala ukuthi sisebenza kodwa asivuliwe) Imishini ivame ukuba nezimpawu "zezipoki" (ukuqala kabusha okungachazeki noma ukuphahlazeka)

• Kunconywa ukuthi wenze ukuhlola okulula njalo ngekota: thinta izinga lokushisa legobolondo ngesandla sakho (uma kushisa, kunenkinga), bese uhlola inkomba yefasitela (okuluhlaza kusho ukuthi kunempilo, okubomvu kusho ukuthi kufanele kushintshwe).

3.2 "Amaphutha aphansi" esawenza ngaleyo minyaka

• Ukuboniswa kwephutha 1: Ukuphatha i-SPD njengomhlobiso "owodwa futhi ophelele" (eqinisweni, kuyinto edliwayo)

• Iphutha eliboniswayo 2: Ukuxhuma ucingo lokufaka phansi ohlakeni lwensimbi ngokunganaki (kudingeka i-electrode yokufaka phansi ezinikele)

• Ukuboniswa kwephutha 3: Ukuxuba ama-SPD emikhiqizo ehlukene (njengokuthatha imithi yaseShayina neyaseNtshonalanga ngokungahleliwe)

Into exakile kakhulu ukuthi ngibone othile esebenzisa i-SPD njengomshini wamandla, ogcwele ama-kettle kagesi nama-oven e-microwave...

Ingxenye 4: Imibuzo Nezimpendulo ezivela empini yangempela

Q: Ungaqiniseka yini ngemva kokufaka i-SPD?

A: Njengokubopha ibhande lesihlalo, awukwazi ukushayisa imoto ngamabomu. I-SPD+lightning arrester+UPS iyiphakheji ephelele.

Q: Ungahlulela kanjani ukuthi i-SPD iphukile noma imishini inephutha?

A: Icebo elilula: ngemva kokususa i-SPD, imishini ibuyela esimweni sayo esijwayelekile, bese kuba yinkinga ye-SPD.

Q: Isikhathi esingakanani sokuphila kwe-SPD?

A: Lokhu kuncike enanini "lokushaya". Isibonelo, ikhasimende eGuangdong lashaywa umbani izikhathi ezingu-12 ngosuku olulodwa, kanti i-SPD yakhe yathatha umhlalaphansi ezinyangeni ezintathu.

Ekuphetheni: Umqondo "wokuthenga umshwalense" wezinhlelo zikagesi

Ngibone abantu abaningi kakhulu bezimisele ukuchitha imali eningi emishinini, kodwa bakhathazekile kakhulu ngokuvikela. Eqinisweni, i-SPD ifana "nomshwalense wezokwelapha" wesistimu kagesi. Ungase ungazizwa sengathi ikhona ngezikhathi ezivamile, kodwa ingasindisa impilo yakho ngezikhathi ezibucayi.

Okokugcina, ngithanda ukusho izwi kuwo wonke umuntu: ukuvikelwa okuhle kokukhuphuka akubizi kakhulu, kodwa kufaneleka kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esizayo lapho uthenga, ungase ubuze umhlinzeki ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ezisebenzayo eziye zabhekana nalo modeli. Phela, akekho onesibindi sokuba "nonogada" okhuluma ngakho ephepheni kuphela.

Amanothi Obuchwepheshe:

• Idatha elinganisiwe ikhombisa ukuthi ama-SPD afakwe kahle anganciphisa umonakalo wombani ngo-82%

• Ngokusho kwe-IEC 61643, isikhathi sokuphendula se-SPD esezingeni eliphezulu kufanele sibe ngu-≤25ns

• Ezindaweni ezineziphepho ezinkulu, kunconywa ukuthi kushintshwe izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-SPD njalo eminyakeni emi-3.