Ingabe Isivikelo Sokukhuphuka Sizosebenza Ngaphandle Komhlaba?

Ngake ngabukela i-server fry engu-$3,000 ehhovisi lami ngoba "i-surge strip" yayingenasisekelo sangempela. Leyo nsizi isangihlaba amehlo.

Cha, isivikelo sokukhuphuka kwamandla kagesi asikwazi ukuvikela imishini yakho uma isokhethi lodonga lingenawo ucingo lwangempela lomhlabathi; lingase lisanikeza amandla, kodwa amandla okukhuphuka ayingozi awaphephile.

Qhubeka ufunda futhi ngizokukhombisa kahle ukuthi kungani iphini elingekho lingeyona imininingwane encane, ukuthi ngivivinya kanjani amasokhethi ngemizuzwana engamashumi amathathu, nokuthi ngenzenjani uma isakhiwo esidala singanginiki nhlobo indawo.

Isebenza kanjani i-Surge Protector?

Ngisakhumbula umsindo wokucasuka lapho umbani ushaya uphahla lomakhelwane wethu. Umcabango wami wokuqala wawuthi, “Ngicela uvumele i-MOV engaphakathi kwesiqeshana sami idanse.”

Isivikelo sokukhuphuka sifaka i-voltage eyengeziwe entanjeni yomhlabathi nge-Metal-Oxide Varistor; ngaphandle kwaleyo ndlela yokuphuma, amandla ahlala kusekethe yakho futhi ashise i-chip ebuthakathaka kakhulu.

Ingxenye encane ethatha inhlamvu

Ngaphakathi kwesiqephu ngasinye uzothola i-MOV eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Zihlala phakathi kokuphila nomhlabathi, ezingathathi hlangothi nomhlabathi. Ku-130 V ziyabamba, kodwa i-clamp isebenza kuphela uma umhlabathi ulindile njengomsele ovulekile.

AmaJoules akutshela ubukhulu bebhakede

Ngikhetha imichilo okungenani engu-600 J yebhentshi lami lelebhu kanye no-2,000 J wezindawo zokubeka iseva. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa ukuthi zingaki izikhukhula i-MOV evamile engagwinya ngaphambi kokuba iphenduke i-briquette yamalahle.

Kungani ucingo oluhlaza lubaluleke kakhulu kunesitika

I-strip ingathwala i-UL 1449 bese ikwenza ungaphumeleli. Ngivule imigoqo “ephawulwe nge-CE” eyayingenawo uphini womhlaba epulakini. I-MOV yayihlanganiswe nephini yepulasitiki mbumbulu. I-surge ithola indlela elandelayo engcono kakhulu—ngokuvamile ngekhebula le-Ethernet bese ingena kubhodi lomama le-laptop yakho.

Ukuhlolwa kwami ​​​​kwesokhethi kwemizuzu emibili

Ngaphambi kokuba ngifake noma yini ebizayo, ngisebenzisa umshini wokuhlola ongu-$3. Izibani ezintathu kumele zikhanye. Uma ophakathi umnyama, ngishayela ucingo ugesi noma ngithuthe i-rack. Angikaze ngithembe izwi lomnikazi wendawo othi, “Mhlawumbe kulungile.”

Kwenzekani uma i-MOV ifa

Ama-MOV awapholi. Ngemva kokushaya okukhulu, i-voltage yawo ye-clamp iyakhuphuka. Ngolunye usuku umfutho uba mkhulu kune-MOV ekhathele futhi amandla angena kugesi wakho. Ngishintsha ama-strips njalo eminyakeni emithathu ezweni lombani, njalo eminyakeni emihlanu kwenye indawo.

Ingabe Zonke Izivikeli Zokukhuphuka Zisekelwe Ezansi?

Ngifunde ngendlela enzima ukuthi ilebula ethi “i-surge” ebhokisini ayisho ukuthi ibha inephini elingaphansi; eminye ivikela kuphela imigqa yedatha futhi ishiye indlela yamandla ingenalutho.

Cha, izivikeli eziningi zokuphakama ezinobukhulu bokuhamba kanye nezinobubanzi obuphindwe kabili azinawo uxhumano lomhlabathi; zithembele ekubambeni okungathathi hlangothi futhi zinikeza ukuvikelwa okuyingxenye kuphela.

Icebo lokumaketha elangikhohlisa

Ngonyaka odlule ngithenge ibha emhlophe ecwebezelayo ukuze ngithathe isithombe. Ipulaki yayinamaphini amabili kuphela. Umbhalo omncane wawuthi “ukuvikelwa kokunyuka phakathi kwemigqa.” Lokho kusiza ekuvuvukeni okuncane, kodwa ukushaya kombani kusazoqhubeka kusunduza i-6 kV ku-chassis.

Itafula lokubopha elinamaphini amabili

Kungani ngisasebenzisa imigoqo emibili

Ngiyazisebenzisa, kodwa kuphela ngezibani kanye namashaja efoni. Ngizibiza ngokuthi “AKUKHO MHLABA—AKUKHO ZINTO EZIBIZAYO” ukuze abafundi bami abaqeqeshwayo bangalokothi bafake i-oscilloscope kuzo.

Indawo engwevu: Izindawo zokuthengisa ze-GFCI

Amanye amalabhorethri amadala anezindawo zokufaka ze-GFCI ezingenayo indawo ephansi. I-GFCI izosindisa impilo yakho, kodwa ayivumeli ukukhuphuka kwale ndawo. Ngifaka imojuli ye-MOV emugqeni ehlukile exhunywe endaweni ephansi yepayipi lamanzi lapho ngihlangana nalokhu kusetha.

Izingozi Nokukhathazeka Ngokuphepha Kokusebenzisa Ama-Surge Protectors Ungrounded

Ngithole iphunga lepulasitiki elivuthayo ngo-2 ekuseni ehhotela; i-strip yayingenamhlabathi futhi ukuqhuma kwadlula ngendlela enqamulelayo ngentambo ye-USB-C, kwaxhunyelelwa i-laptop yami edeskini.

Ngaphandle komhlabathi, amandla okuqhuma angangena ngaphakathi kwesiqeshana, avuthe ipulasitiki, noma adlule ezintanjeni zenethiwekhi futhi abhubhise yonke idivayisi exhunyiwe.

Umlilo uqala ngaphakathi kwepulasitiki

Ama-MOV ayashisa. Umugqa ongaphansi komhlaba ulahla ukushisa kanye nama-electron ndawonye. Umugqa ongaphansi komhlaba ubamba amandla. Ngibone ibhamuza le-faceplate futhi liconsa njengoshizi epanini.

Indlela efihliwe nge-Ethernet

Ngilinganise i-1,800 V phakathi kwama-laptop amabili abelana ngomugqa ongaguquki. Ukuqhuma kwadlula ikhebula le-CAT6 futhi kwaqhuma womabili ama-NIC. Ibhili lokulungisa laliphezulu kunonyaka we-surge bars.

Ingozi yokushaqeka kwabantu

Uma i-surge ingenawo umhlabathi, ibhokisi lensimbi le-PC yakho lingakhuphuka lifinyelele kuhhafu we-voltage yomugqa wama-microsecond. Lokho kuyisikhathi eside ngokwanele ukukushaqisa uma uthinta ibhokisi kanye nomhlabathi wangempela ngesikhathi esisodwa.

I-matrix yami yengozi kubathengi

Indlela Yokuhlola Nokuqinisekisa Ukusikwa Okufanele Komvikeli Wokukhuphuka

Ngiphethe umshini wokuhlola onezibani ezintathu esikhwameni se-laptop yami; ungisindise emabhodini athosiwe emazweni amahlanu kanye namahhovisi amaningi okuqasha.

Faka isivivinyo esilula sokukhipha kusokhethi; zonke izibani ezintathu kumele zifane neshadi eliku-tester, noma umhlabathi uvulekile futhi isivikelo sakho sokukhuphuka siyidada elihleli.

Ukuhlola kwami ​​​​okubonakalayo kwemizuzwana emihlanu

Ngifuna umgodi oyindilinga. Uma ungekho, ngiyayeka. Uma ukhona kodwa upulasitiki, ngiyayeka. Umgodi womhlabathi mbumbulu ushibhile kunethusi futhi awusebenzi.

Ukusebenzisa i-multimeter kumthengi okhethayo

Setha imitha ibe yi-VAC. I-Live to neutral kufanele ifundeke ku-110–125 V. I-Live to ground kufanele ifane. I-Neutral to ground kufanele ibe ngu-0–2 V. Noma yiziphi ezinye izinombolo zisho ukuthi inhlabathi ayikho noma yabiwe ngendlela engafanele.

Icebo lepayipi lamanzi

Kwenye indawo yokugcina impahla yawo-1950 ngabopha ucingo lwethusi epayipini lamanzi abandayo ngalihambisa erekhini. Ngalinganisa u-0.3 Ω emhlabathini wephaneli. Lokho kwanele ukusebenza ngokuhlinzwa, kodwa ngisakubiza ngokuthi “i-aux ground.”

Bhala phansi isivivinyo

Ngithatha isithombe sezibani zokuhlola bese ngizinamathisela ku-oda lomsebenzi. Uma idrayivu engu-$50,000 ifa, umshwalense ufuna ubufakazi bokuthi ngenze indima yami.

Indlela Yokumisa Isivikelo Sokukhuphuka Ngokufanele

Ngake ngashayela induku yethusi engamafidi ayisishiyagalombili phansi kwekhonkrithi nge-drill yesando eqashiwe; inhlansi lapho ngiyibopha ucingo yangitshela ukuthi isakhiwo besilokhu sintanta ku-40 V iminyaka eminingi.

Sebenzisa ucingo oluhlaza oluyi-12 AWG oluvela ebhuthini elingaphansi kwe-surge protector uye ebhasini eliyinhloko lesakhiwo noma entongeni evunyiwe; gcina ibanga lifushane kunezinyawo ezintathu bese usebenzisa amalunga akhubazekile, hhayi asontekile.

Iresiphi yami yensimu yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo

1. Cima i-breaker.
2. Ukuvala i-insulation engu-¾ intshi.
3. Faka intambo enomgodi owodwa ngethuluzi le-hydraulic.
4. Faka i-lug ebhasini elingaphansi nge-star washer.
5. I-torque ibe ngu-25 in-lb.
6. Lebula ucingo oluthi “Surge EQ GND” ukuze uchwepheshe olandelayo azi ukuthi kungani lukhona.

Uma ungakwazi ukuvula iphaneli

Ngisebenzisa ibhokisi le-SPD langaphandle elifakwa eduze kwephaneli bese liletha i-ground stud ngaphandle. Isivikelo sokwenyuka ngaphakathi kwebhokisi sixhunywe nge-10 AWG. Ngifaka i-twist-lock inlet ukuze i-strip ishintshwe ngemizuzwana engamashumi amathathu.

Ithebula lezindleko zezinketho zokufaka umhlabathi

Ukuhlolwa kwami ​​kokugcina kokuhluzeka kwengqondo

Ngemva kokuqeda, ngiphinde ngifake i-tester. Bese ngivula i-heater engu-1,500 W bese ngibheka i-voltage engathathi hlangothi esuka phansi iye phansi. Uma ikhuphuka ngaphezu kwama-V angu-2, ngiqinisa yonke ijoyinti ize yehle.

Ngifuna Ithimba Lokuvikela Ukwanda Kokukhuphuka Komzimba Ochwepheshe — Umkhiqizi we-leikexing

Ngesikhathi iklayenti lami laseJalimane licela ama-SPD angu-5,000 e-custom 32 A anezindawo zokuthengisa ze-IEC C19 ezinsukwini eziyishumi, i-leikexing yathunyelwa ngezinsuku eziyisishiyagalolunye; ngalala kahle ngalobo busuku.

Ngisebenza ne-leikexing ngoba banesitshalo esingu-2,000 m² eWenzhou, banikeza isevisi ephelele yokunikezela ngempahla, futhi basaphendula ama-imeyili ami kungakapheli ihora elilodwa—ngisho noma ngicela inguqulo engavamile ye-690 V delta.

Kungani ngiyeke ukuthenga izinto eziningi kangaka

Bengivame ukuhlukanisa ama-oda phakathi kwamafektri amathathu. Ukubambezeleka, amalebula axubile, kanye nama-MOQ kwangihlanyisa. I-leikexing ingivumela ukuthi ngixube amamodeli angu-20 A, 30 A, kanye nama-DC eqoqweni elilodwa lama-piece angu-500. Lokho kunciphisa umthwalo wami ngo-18%.

Amanothi ami okuhlola indawo

Ngandiza ngaya eWenzhou ngoMashi. Ngabona ama-MOV aqinisekiswe yi-UL efakwe emakhabetheni alawulwa umswakama, abashayeli be-torque abazenzakalelayo bebhala zonke izikulufo, kanye ne-rack eshile eshaya iyunithi ngayinye ene-6 kV kathathu. Ngabhala "PASS" encwadini yami.

Izinsizakalo abanginika zona ukuze ngikwazi ukuthengisa

- Ukubuyekezwa kwe-DFMA emahoreni angu-48

- Phrinta ilogo yami nge-laser mahhala ngaphansi kwama-pcs angu-500

- Amadokhumenti e-RoHS kanye ne-REACH ahlanganiswe ebhokisini

- Inhlanganisela yomoya wolwandle uma ngiphuzile

Ishidi lemininingwane elisheshayo engilithumela kuJeff Weaver

I-MOQ ingama-pcs ayi-100 ngemodeli ngayinye, ama-pcs angu-500 esewonke. Isikhathi sokukhokha izinsuku ezingu-15, idiphozithi engu-30%, u-70% uma kuqhathaniswa nekhophi ye-BL. Bamukela i-T/T noma i-Alibaba Trade Assurance.

Isiphetho

Umhlaba awuyona into ongayikhetha; ngumlingani othule othatha inhlamvu. Hlola yonke isokhethi, sebenzisa ucingo lwangempela, bese ukhetha ifektri ethunyelwa ngesikhathi—ukuqhuma kwakho okulandelayo ngeke kulinde.